post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Whether it is a Veritech or a Valkyrie, Robotech or Macross II, Earth is in danger eitherway. Grab your mecha and fight the good fight.

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ZINO
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

Jefffar wrote:Zino, this is an impressive body of research - but after having tried to create a full EBSIS stock of gear using modern systems used by the member nations I have to say you may be in danger of biting off far more than you can chew . . . or than can be used in game.

How much of this stuff would the AUL folks reasonably expect to have? I noticed a while back a SPAAG made in the Soviet Union in 1943 in your lists.

I suggest you focus on systems that might reasonably be expected to appear in game.



thanks for your honesty Jefffar
i just wanted to take what has work in our little camping for macross A.U.L. squads thinking they were the good guys to as far as ( freedom fighter and U.E.E.F stuck with limited weapons systems use against the invid and robotech masters ) to invid post liberation where the U.E.E.F which is was fun .
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

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taalismn wrote:Wow...seeing some obscure and museum piece stuff here...

LOL nice !!!!!
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Jefffar »

ZINO wrote:thanks for your honesty Jefffar
i just wanted to take what has work in our little camping for macross A.U.L. squads thinking they were the good guys to as far as ( freedom fighter and U.E.E.F stuck with limited weapons systems use against the invid and robotech masters ) to invid post liberation where the U.E.E.F which is was fun .


Liek I said, it's impressive work, just don't get so caught up in statting whirly gigs that you forget to have fun playing.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Yeah...one can get lost in an enormous list of equipment, some of it so unlikely for an insurgency force hoping to accomplish anything...
On the other hand, he's got stuff to meet darn near any contingency, or rather equip any sort of insurgency group in darn near any part of the globe...from the well-heeled political/corporate/paranationals who can afford to ALMOST operate above-board like a regular military(or even DO operate openly and publicy, hiding behind international treaty as 'non-signatories' or as 'auxiliaries' of the armed services of the non-UEG nations), to the small lumatic fringe who knock over a local reserve garage/hangar or 'fly-worthy' museum, figuring that it's better to have a few inches of SOMETHING military-grade(however antiquated) between them and counterfire than nothing....And operate in the belief that having something that was and looks military gives their cause some sort of legitimacy(as opposed to the pipe-bomb and drive-by crowd).
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

On the other hand, he's got stuff to meet darn near any contingency, or rather equip any sort of insurgency group in darn near any part of the globe...from the well-heeled political/corporate/paranationals who can afford to ALMOST operate above-board like a regular military(or even DO operate openly and publicy, hiding behind international treaty as 'non-signatories' or as 'auxiliaries' of the armed services of the non-UEG nations),


Now your talking ....... :-D
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

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Jefffar wrote:
ZINO wrote:thanks for your honesty Jefffar
i just wanted to take what has work in our little camping for macross A.U.L. squads thinking they were the good guys to as far as ( freedom fighter and U.E.E.F stuck with limited weapons systems use against the invid and robotech masters ) to invid post liberation where the U.E.E.F which is was fun .


Liek I said, it's impressive work, just don't get so caught up in statting whirly gigs that you forget to have fun playing.



thanks man i will be careful
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

ZINO wrote:
On the other hand, he's got stuff to meet darn near any contingency, or rather equip any sort of insurgency group in darn near any part of the globe...from the well-heeled political/corporate/paranationals who can afford to ALMOST operate above-board like a regular military(or even DO operate openly and publicy, hiding behind international treaty as 'non-signatories' or as 'auxiliaries' of the armed services of the non-UEG nations),


Now your talking ....... :-D



Just don't get into cataloguing all the trucks and commercial vehicles available around the world suitable for 'technical' conversion or car bomb duty...you'll go mad....

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-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Lt Gargoyle »

it does seem like the AUL is equiped quite well here.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

Just don't get into cataloguing all the trucks and commercial vehicles available around the world suitable for 'technical' conversion or car bomb duty...you'll go mad....

THANKS :demon: :D

"I mount an RL-2 on my motorized rickshaw for my surprise attack on the UEG satcom station!"

NICE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! L.O.L :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol:
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

EGESA EE-9 Cascavel 6x6 AFV

The Cascavel is a Brazillian design dating back to the 1970s, and is a 6x6 design based on Brazil's previous experience with the American M8 greyhound armored car. The design is something of a 'bitzer', using parts and components, not all Brazillian-manufactured(most notable French-pattern turrets). The design continued to be updated well into the 1990s and early 2000's, especially with UEG attention on the Amazon Grand Cannon project, durigg which most govenment vehicles received minor MDC upgrades, full NBC protection, and advanced targeting and munitions for their 90mm guns. However, a number of the vehicles (mainly older regional internal security assigned vehicles) did also fall into the hands of AUEG guerillas, particularly aboriginal activist groups protesting the deforestation of the interior and UEG-backed industrial projects...A number of skirmishes were fought during the 2001-2008 period around the Amazon Grand Cannon site and satellite bases, which saw Cascavel-on-Cascavel actions as Brazillian Government security forces clashed with insurgents.
Designation: Armored Car
Crew: 3
Height: 8.79 ft
Breadth: 8,5 ft
Depth: 20.34 ft(w/ gun muzzle extended forward)
Weight: 29,500 lbs
Power plant: Diesel w/ 545 mile range, 60 MPH maximum road speed. Fording; 3.3 ft, gradient: 60 percent, vertical obstacle 2 ft.
Air supply: NBC protection optional
Cargo capacity: Crew cabin, and whatever can be slung outside on the turret bustle
Black Market Value: Unknown
Armament:
*1x90mm gun (turret mounted)
*1xcoaxial machine gun
*2x3 smoke launchers
*Optional: 1x cupola-mount machine gun
Amour type: SDC; 16mm steel
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

"taalismn"]EGESA EE-9 Cascavel 6x6 AFV

:shock: WOW :-o i am humble to have your work posted
NICE !!!!!!!!! wow ................... :ok: i really need :?
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Beatmeclever »

It's not a vehicle, but it is vitally important to the AUL war-effort.

The SADM
The Special Atomic Demolition Munition (SADM) is a man-portable nuclear weapon (fielded by the US military in the 1960s), that was never used in actual combat. The US Army planned to use the weapons in Europe in case of a Soviet Invasion. In wartime, such explosives could be used for demolishing “choke-points” to enemy offensives, such as at tunnels, narrow mountain passes, and long viaducts. This means US Army Engineers would use the weapon to irradiate, destroy, and deny key routes of communication through limited terrain such as the Fulda Gap. US Army Special Forces were trained to jump the SADM into Soviet overrun/occupied Western Europe and destroy power plants, bridges, and dams. In the 1960s, SADMs were deployed to Europe for use in the event of a Soviet Invasion.

In the 1950s and 1960s, the United States developed several different types of lightweight nuclear devices. The main one was the W54, a cylinder 16x24 inches (40x60 cm) that weighed 149.6 lbs (68 kg). It was detonated by a mechanical timer and had a variable yield equivalent to between 10 tons and 1 kiloton of TNT. 300 SADMs were assembled and remained in the US arsenal until 1989.

In 1997, former Russian National Security Advisor Alexander Lebed made public claims about lost “suitcase nukes” following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In an interview with the newsmagazine 60 Minutes, Lebed said:

I'm saying that more than a hundred weapons out of the supposed number of 250 are not under the control of the armed forces of Russia. I don't know their location. I don't know whether they have been destroyed or whether they are stored or whether they've been sold or stolen, I don't know.


The Russian government immediately rejected these claims. Russia's atomic energy ministry went so far as to dispute that suitcase nuclear weapons had even ever been developed by the Soviet Union. Later testimony however insinuated that the suitcase bombs had been under the control of the KGB and not the army or the atomic energy ministry, so they might not know of their existence. Russian president Vladimir Putin, in an interview with Barbara Walters in 2001, stated about suitcase nukes, "I don't really believe this is true. These are just legends. One can probably assume that somebody tried to sell some nuclear secrets. But there is no documentary confirmation of those developments."

The Russian government's statements on this matter have been contradictory. First they denied that such weapons had ever existed; then they said that all of them had been destroyed. However, the highest-ranking GRU defector Stanislav Lunev confirmed that such Russian-made devices do exist and described them in more detail. These devices, “identified as RA-115s (or RA-115-01s for submersible weapons)” weigh from fifty to sixty pounds (22.5 to 27 kg). They can last for many years if wired to an electric source. “In case there is a loss of power, there is a battery backup. If the battery runs low, the weapon has a transmitter that sends a coded message – either by satellite or directly to a GRU post at a Russian embassy or consulate.” According to Lunev, the number of “missing” nuclear devices (as found by General Lebed) “is almost identical to the number of strategic targets upon which those bombs would be used”. He suggested that they might be already deployed by the GRU operatives.

My AUL has attempted to use 6 of these to date (having been successful on two occasions).

Primary Purpose: Tactical Area Denial
Secondary Purpose: Enemy Force Removal
Weight: W54: 149.6 lbs (68 kg)
RA115: 50 lbs (22.5 kg)
Range: Man-Portable
Mega-Damage: Blast: 1d10x10,000 MDC within 1 mile; 1d10x1,000 MDC from 1 mile to 1.25 miles; 1d10x500 MDC from 1.25 to 2 miles; 1d10x100 MDC from 2 to 3.5 miles.
Thermal: 1d10x100 MDC within 2 miles; 1d10 MDC from 2 to 4 miles; 1d10x100 SDC from 4 to 5 miles; 1d10 SDC and permanent blindness from 5 to 6 miles; 1d8 SDC and permanent blindness from 6 to 7 miles; 1d4 SDC and Temporary blindness from 7 to 15 miles.
Indirect Effects:
Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP): Gamma rays from a nuclear explosion produce high energy electrons, which are captured in the Earth's magnetic field, at altitudes between twenty and forty kilometers, where they resonate. The oscillating electric current produces a coherent electromagnetic pulse (EMP) which lasts about one millisecond. Secondary effects may last for more than a second.
The pulse is powerful enough to cause long metal objects (such as cables) to act as antennas and generate high voltages when the pulse passes. These voltages, and the associated high currents, can destroy unshielded electronics and even many wires. There are no known biological effects of EMP. The ionized air also disrupts radio traffic that would normally bounce off the ionosphere.
One can shield electronics by wrapping them completely in conductive mesh, or any other form of Faraday cage. Of course radios cannot operate when shielded, because broadcast radio waves cannot reach them.
Ionizing Radiation: About 5% of the energy released in a nuclear air burst is in the form of ionizing radiation: neutrons, gamma rays, alpha particles, and electrons moving at speeds ranging up to the speed of light. Gamma rays are high energy light waves, the others are particles that move slower than light. The neutrons result almost exclusively from the fission and fusion reactions, while the initial gamma radiation includes that arising from these reactions as well as that resulting from the decay of short-lived fission products.
The intensity of initial nuclear radiation decreases rapidly with distance from the point of burst because the radiation spreads over a larger area as it travels away from the explosion. It is also reduced by atmospheric absorption and scattering.
The character of the radiation received at a given location also varies with distance from the explosion. Near the point of the explosion, the neutron intensity is greater than the gamma intensity, but with increasing distance the neutron-gamma ratio decreases. Ultimately, the neutron component of initial radiation becomes negligible in comparison with the gamma component. The range for significant levels of initial radiation does not increase markedly with weapon yield and, as a result, the initial radiation becomes less of a hazard with increasing yield. With larger weapons, above 50 kT (200 TJ), blast and thermal effects are so much greater in importance that prompt radiation effects can be ignored.
The neutron radiation serves to transmute the surrounding matter, often rendering it radioactive. When added to the dust of radioactive material released by the bomb itself, a large amount of radioactive material is released into the environment. This form of radioactive contamination is known as nuclear fallout and poses the primary risk of exposure to ionizing radiation for a large nuclear weapon.
Earthquake: The pressure wave from an underground explosion will propagate through the ground and cause a minor earthquake. Theory suggests that a nuclear explosion could trigger fault rupture and cause a major quake at distances within a few tens of kilometres from the shot point.
Note: A fizzle occurs if the nuclear chain reaction is not sustained long enough to cause an explosion, or if the explosion is of much less energy than expected. This can happen if, for example, the yield of the fissile material used is too low, the compression explosives around fissile material misfire or the neutron initiator fails. Roll 1d10, on a result of "1" the SADM has "fizzled" and does not detonate.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Lt Gargoyle »

Beatmeclever wrote:It's not a vehicle, but it is vitally important to the AUL war-effort.

The SADM
The Special Atomic Demolition Munition (SADM) is a man-portable nuclear weapon (fielded by the US military in the 1960s), that was never used in actual combat. The US Army planned to use the weapons in Europe in case of a Soviet Invasion. In wartime, such explosives could be used for demolishing “choke-points” to enemy offensives, such as at tunnels, narrow mountain passes, and long viaducts. This means US Army Engineers would use the weapon to irradiate, destroy, and deny key routes of communication through limited terrain such as the Fulda Gap. US Army Special Forces were trained to jump the SADM into Soviet overrun/occupied Western Europe and destroy power plants, bridges, and dams. In the 1960s, SADMs were deployed to Europe for use in the event of a Soviet Invasion.


This is definitely the work of a legit government back army and not the work of terrorist.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Lt Gargoyle wrote:it does seem like the AUL is equiped quite well here.


It’s not so much that the AUL is well-equipped, as it has POTENTIAL access to a wide variety of equipment, a lot of which would need updating, considerable in some cases, to match the gear the UEG is capable of fielding.
The period of 2000-2009 AD is unprecedented in terms of military expeditures and international arms cooperation. Under the auspices of the UEG, the signatory militaries see a massive effort to overhaul organization, and in the last five-six years of the period, a move to streamline military logistics by adopting a common standard of equipment. The initial offerings of all this cooperation are modest, vehicles like the LACV-60, AH-68, and F-203 offering a compromise of the best elements of many previous designs...while the UEDF debate which of the better pre-Visitor designs to upgrade with the new alloys and weapons, or whether to accept the radical new Destroids as the new ‘heavy armor’ of the world’s armies. It’s a great time to be in the military-industrial complex, anticipating massive new orders as the changeovers to the new technologies looms(and it’s this expensive military industrialization and apparent pointless high-tech consumerism run rampant that torques many critics into full-blown AUL supporters). The re-modelling of the world militaries is a giant effort that will take time, but the UEG thinks they have the time...
Meanwhile, while the UEG/UEDF signatories are busy accepting shipments of factory-fresh LACV-60s and the smaller batches of remodelled MBTs and other refitted vehicles, a great deal of older equipment is shifted to secondary duties, awaiting their turn to be refitted or scrapped entirely...Sitting idle in reserve bases or military boneyards, this equipment is a tempting resource for the AUL.
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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taalismn
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

SSK Type 212 Non-Nuclear Hunter-Killer Submarine
The Type 212 is fairly typical of the late-model pre-Visitor conventional submarines deployed by smaller world navies. Similar classes such as the Gotland class(Italy), Dolphin Type 800(Israel), and TR1700 Santa Cruz(Argentina), can be found around the world, mainly build for export by German and Swedish firms.
These submarines are small, ocean-going, boats designed for coastal patrol and anti-submarine warfare, although they can also be used for traditional anti-shipping and mine-laying duties. As befits their role as hunter-killers, these submarines are very stealthy and quiet, especially when engaging their fuel-cell underwater propulsion systems. Their sensor systems are also high-end, important for ASW work. Armament is torpedo-based, with no gun or missile systems(though some later models saw refits to make them capable of firing tube-launched SSMs).
While their reliance on conventional fueled-engines limits their endurance compared to nuclear and later-generation reflex furnace-powered SSNs and SSBNs fielded by the larger members of the UEG, ships of the SSK classes were attractive because of their relatively low cost, and a number of smaller UEG and blatantly AUEG nations deployed them in their navies. Late pre-Rain of Death construction programs also turned out a number of ships fitted with more modern ‘megadamage’ hulls and upgraded equipment; survivors of these late classes would become a part of the post-Rain ASC Navy, though several also fell into the hands of AUL forces.
Vehicle type: SSK Non-Nuclear ASW Submarine.
Designation: Type 212
Crew: 27
Height: 19.7 ft
Breadth: 23 ft
Length: 183.4 ft
Weight: 1,450 tons surfaced, 1,830 tons dived
Power plant: Diesel, with hydrogen/oxygen AIP fuel cell system for underwater propulsion; can achieve 8 kts on surface, 20 kts underwater. Estimated range: 8,000 miles. Dive depth: 500-800 ft
Weapons Systems:
*6x 21-inch torpedo tubes, can carry 16 mines in place of torpedoes(deploys mines through torpedo tubes).
*Can also carry external mine containers holding an additional 24 mines.
Amour type: High SDC/Low MDC...Late models after the formation of the UEG were constructed with MDC alloys
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Lt Gargoyle wrote:
This is definitely the work of a legit government back army and not the work of terrorist.


Problem is, some of the terrorists are backed by legit governments who want the means to put some leverage on the UEG, but who don't feel they can publicly swing the guns to do it legally....There's also those high-ranked officers who feel their governments have sold out to foreign global conspiracy, who will quietly hide away assets like this...After the Rain of Death, of course, it could be a recovered/salvaged weapon for which the original paperwork no longer exists(on account of the orbital strikes and EMP)...
An adventure campaign with a SADM loose has the potential for a James Bond-like thriller, that may or may not involve mecha at all, while a post Rain of Death/Southern Cross adventure could have the GMP(or the other Armies in lieu of trained GMP officers) doing a 'Broken Arrow' pursuit, while trying to guess what the ultimate target of the bomb is...
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Lt Gargoyle »

taalismn wrote:
Lt Gargoyle wrote:
This is definitely the work of a legit government back army and not the work of terrorist.


Problem is, some of the terrorists are backed by legit governments who want the means to put some leverage on the UEG, but who don't feel they can publicly swing the guns to do it legally....There's also those high-ranked officers who feel their governments have sold out to foreign global conspiracy, who will quietly hide away assets like this...After the Rain of Death, of course, it could be a recovered/salvaged weapon for which the original paperwork no longer exists(on account of the orbital strikes and EMP)...
An adventure campaign with a SADM loose has the potential for a James Bond-like thriller, that may or may not involve mecha at all, while a post Rain of Death/Southern Cross adventure could have the GMP(or the other Armies in lieu of trained GMP officers) doing a 'Broken Arrow' pursuit, while trying to guess what the ultimate target of the bomb is...



Oh I agree it makes for a great role playing experience. Heck for the non Mecha pilot OCCs this is a great oppertunity to get some real play time without being left behind. And I do see your guys point of view on this. I just see the AUL as terrorist, as stated in a previous post and this weapon show its best. Personally I will use this when I play a Macross or Southern Cross game. It is a great idea/concept. The players have seventy two hours to find the bomb or people die!!! what a great adventure/Mission hook.
Well men if we are destine to die, let us die with honor

If all of your wishes are granted then many of your dreams will be destroyed.

The final form of a person character lies in their own hands


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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Lt Gargoyle wrote:[

Oh I agree it makes for a great role playing experience. Heck for the non Mecha pilot OCCs this is a great oppertunity to get some real play time without being left behind. And I do see your guys point of view on this. I just see the AUL as terrorist, as stated in a previous post and this weapon show its best. Personally I will use this when I play a Macross or Southern Cross game. It is a great idea/concept. The players have seventy two hours to find the bomb or people die!!! what a great adventure/Mission hook.


"Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...we've found the device and neutralized it...Ready for retrieval!"
"Bloodhound 4, this is Foxtrot Leader. Excellent work! Secure both devices for transport and we'll come pick you up soonest!"
"...er...Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...what do you mean, BOTH devices?"
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

YW 531 Armored Personnel Carrier
The YW-531 is arguably the People’s Republic of China’s answer to the M-113 and BMP series produced and exported by the United States and Soviet Union. The YW-531 is a fairly basic tracked APC with slab-sided armor and light armament; a ‘box on tracks’.
Prior to the Visitor, China exported early version so this vehicle to Iraq, Angola, Vietnam, Tanzania, and other global hotspots. The YW-531 would spawn a variety of derivatives, especially the improved YW 531H model, which would see command post, armored recovery, ambulance, 120mm/82mm mortar carrier, and 122mm SPG versions.
Although a signatory of the UEG accords, the PRC was criticized for paying lip service to many of the arms control aspects of the UEDF treaties, as a large number of YW 531s seemed to end up in the hands of AUL member states. Given the wide distribution of the machines prior to the formation of the UEG, however, tracking which were older refitted machines acquired from second- and third-hand parties, and which were vehicles sold on the sly, proved nearly impossible.
Vehicle type: Armored Personnel Carrier, Tracked
Designation: Norinco YW 531
Crew: 2+13 passengers
Height: 6.92 ft
Breadth: 9.8 ft
Depth: 18.83 ft
Weight: 27,600 lbs
Power plant: Diesel, 257 hp, capable of 31 MPH, vertical obstacle clearance 2 ft, trench crossing 6.6 ft. Fully amphibious. Range: 260 miles
Weapons Systems:
*1x12.7 MG on exposed top pintle
Amour type: High SDC

Type 70 MRLS
THis is a YW 531 chassis fitted with a 19-barrel elevating and revolving pedestal mount launcher for solid-propellant, unguided, 130mm rockets used in the tactical bombardment role.
Weight:(of rocket)72.3 lbs
Size: 41.85 inches long, 130mm diameter
Range:11,060 yards
(long range version): 16, 404 yards
Warhead: 32,5 lb HE-Fragmentation(though presumably other warhead types could be used)

YW 703 Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle
Developed from the YW 531H armored personnel carrier, the YW 703 is an upgunned vehicle sporting heavier and more advanced armor and a turreted 25mm gun. After the formation of the UEG, the PRC upgraded new production models of this vehicle with MDC armor, improved sensors and fire control, and improved weaponry. Enough of these improved models survived the Rain of Death to bolster China’s reconstruction and resistance to the surviving Zentraedi Malcontents, but a large number fell into the hands of AUL elements, where they became arguably the main terrestrial AFV nemesis of the Southern Cross’s Asian Sector M2200 Janissaries.
Vehicle type: Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle, Tracked
Designation: Norinco YW 703
Crew: 3+7 passengers
Height: 6.17 ft
Breadth: 10.27 ft
Depth: 20.18 ft
Weight: 31,000 lbs
Power plant: Diesel, 320 hp, capable of 40 MPH, vertical obstacle clearance 2 ft, trench crossing 7.2 ft. Fully amphibious. Range: 310 miles
Weapons Systems:
*1x25mm cannon, turret-mounted
*2x4 tube smoke projectors
Amour type: High SDC/Low MDC. Late models would be fitted with full MDC armor.
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

wow you guy are well i can not just say awesome :!: but wow all your ideas NICE!!!!!!!
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Lt Gargoyle »

taalismn wrote:
Lt Gargoyle wrote:[

Oh I agree it makes for a great role playing experience. Heck for the non Mecha pilot OCCs this is a great oppertunity to get some real play time without being left behind. And I do see your guys point of view on this. I just see the AUL as terrorist, as stated in a previous post and this weapon show its best. Personally I will use this when I play a Macross or Southern Cross game. It is a great idea/concept. The players have seventy two hours to find the bomb or people die!!! what a great adventure/Mission hook.


"Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...we've found the device and neutralized it...Ready for retrieval!"
"Bloodhound 4, this is Foxtrot Leader. Excellent work! Secure both devices for transport and we'll come pick you up soonest!"
"...er...Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...what do you mean, BOTH devices?"



:lol: :lol: :lol:

the look on the players face will be worth the effort to get the picture.
Well men if we are destine to die, let us die with honor

If all of your wishes are granted then many of your dreams will be destroyed.

The final form of a person character lies in their own hands


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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Worse things have happened in real life...
Like shipping NATO missile launchers into the Warsaw Pact by accident...
Or overflying middle America with a nuclear weapon accidentally left aboard...
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

taalismn wrote:Worse things have happened in real life...
Like shipping NATO missile launchers into the Warsaw Pact by accident...
Or overflying middle America with a nuclear weapon accidentally left aboard...


NICE
ahhhh look out NUKE!!!!!!!
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

What years does this cover? Lynn Kyle was agitating for separatist sentiments in the wake of the Rain of Death; so some sort of Anti-Unification forces were around after 2011. And I get the sense that the Army of the Southern Cross never did get everyone to sign up as client states; so the 2011-2031 period might have a "third world nations" model of the AUL rather than the "resistance cells" model prevalent prior to the Rain of Death. Of course, no AUL exists after 2031, because there's no UEG to oppose anymore; but the people and equipment of the former AUL would almost certainly be turned against the Invid occupiers.

Given the necessarily fractious nature of the AUL, it might be a good idea to organize its equipment, vehicles, mecha (if any), and ships by region. E.g., the AUL forces of North America will probably look quite different from the AUL forces of Indochina. One way to handle this might be to present a sample vehicle from one region, and then name its closest analogs (if any) in other regions along with brief notes about how they differ.

Time will also make its mark: at the very least, Zentreadi survivors from the Rain of Death are as likely to end up among the AUL as the UEG; and not all such "AUL Zentreadi" will be Malcontents (though the UEG is unlikely to make the distinction). This could lead to customized Zentreadi mecha in the AUL. Indeed, a significant portion of the AUL's forces won't be new models of vehicles or mecha, but rather patchwork jobs. You might want to think less in terms of a catalog and more along the lines of a tool-kit.

As well, newer designs will enter service during the ASC years - although probably not at the same rate as what the UEG manages. You might want to consider some "second generation" designs to represent them.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

I feel your confusion and desire for organization out of chaos...The problem with organization by region is that arms exports and UEG 'relocations' and 'allocations' of existing vehicles result in in some unusual distributions of hardware...so you have Chinese gear in Africa, Russian gear all over the place, German tanks in Canada, and French jets in Argentina...and that's just MODERN DAY... :-D
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

Well, it needn't be hard-and-fast allocations; just something along the lines of "this design is most commonly found in these regions..." from which someone could construct a cross-reference of which designs can be found where. Sort of like the way that the mecha of the ASC are described: "the Ajax is piloted by both the TASC and the TC"; "the Myrmidon is used by the ATAC and the TC, especially the TCRD". And so on.

As well, giving different regions their own "signature vehicles" isn't entirely realistic; but it does help give them diistinctive look-and-feel. And it helps emphasize the fact that the AUL isn't particularly homogeneous.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

dataweaver wrote:Well, it needn't be hard-and-fast allocations; just something along the lines of "this design is most commonly found in these regions..." from which someone could construct a cross-reference of which designs can be found where. Sort of like the way that the mecha of the ASC are described: "the Ajax is piloted by both the TASC and the TC"; "the Myrmidon is used by the ATAC and the TC, especially the TCRD". And so on.

As well, giving different regions their own "signature vehicles" isn't entirely realistic; but it does help give them diistinctive look-and-feel. And it helps emphasize the fact that the AUL isn't particularly homogeneous.


I wholly agree...which is why I'm looking at a lot of the SDC APCs, land rovers, security vehicles, and whatnot...stuff the authorities would have(and which would be easily acquirable by the regional AUL splinter cells) as the basis of their forces and later kitbashed 'uglies' and 'technicals'...For instance, South Africa has a respectable indigenous arms industry, so their vehicles would be a prominent part of actions in Africa, especially southern Africa..Chinese, Soviet, and French designs predominating in North Africa...

Plus it sounds a lot more 'in-setting' to have NPCs say "I can loan you two Rafales for your search, and maybe a Cassipir, but we're keeping the MOngoose LACVs for base defense...sorry..." as opposed to "Oh, I can let you have two armored cars and an APC..."
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

Yeah; but I know what an armored vehicle and an ATV are. And you don't want to write "Janes' All the Worlds Fighting Vehicles" here.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

dataweaver wrote:Yeah; but I know what an armored vehicle and an ATV are. And you don't want to write "Janes' All the Worlds Fighting Vehicles" here.



Depends on how gritty a campaign you wanna run...If vehicles are just poorly drawn blobs in the background, it's fine to say 'generic redshirt AFV or APC comes at you'..Typically high levels of detail come into play if and when the characters are de-mecha'ed , operating under tight operational constraints(like 'Don't tell everybody the RDF's poking around by wandering around in your battloid lifting the roofs off of huts...")..at which point a Robotech campaign starts looking more like Twilight 2000...
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

taalismn wrote:
dataweaver wrote:Yeah; but I know what an armored vehicle and an ATV are. And you don't want to write "Janes' All the Worlds Fighting Vehicles" here.



Depends on how gritty a campaign you wanna run...If vehicles are just poorly drawn blobs in the background, it's fine to say 'generic redshirt AFV or APC comes at you'..Typically high levels of detail come into play if and when the characters are de-mecha'ed , operating under tight operational constraints(like 'Don't tell everybody the RDF's poking around by wandering around in your battloid lifting the roofs off of huts...")..at which point a Robotech campaign starts looking more like Twilight 2000...



i sorry guys this was funny to me ,i don't why this makes me LOL :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: when i read this ??????again and again. :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: .
nice point of view guys don't stop guy get it running
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

"Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...we've found the device and neutralized it...Ready for retrieval!"
"Bloodhound 4, this is Foxtrot Leader. Excellent work! Secure both devices for transport and we'll come pick you up soonest!"
"...er...Foxtrot Leader, this is Bloodhound 4...what do you mean, BOTH devices?"





the look on the players face will be worth the effort to get the picture.


OMG i laugh till i tear came out of my eyes :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: NICE
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

taalismn wrote:
dataweaver wrote:Yeah; but I know what an armored vehicle and an ATV are. And you don't want to write "Janes' All the Worlds Fighting Vehicles" here.
Depends on how gritty a campaign you wanna run...If vehicles are just poorly drawn blobs in the background, it's fine to say 'generic redshirt AFV or APC comes at you'..Typically high levels of detail come into play if and when the characters are de-mecha'ed , operating under tight operational constraints(like 'Don't tell everybody the RDF's poking around by wandering around in your battloid lifting the roofs off of huts...")..at which point a Robotech campaign starts looking more like Twilight 2000...
I'm not saying "don't use specific models". I'm saying that a viable sourcebook (whether an official one or a fan-made e-book) should avoid trying to provide independent, detailed stats for every possible military vehicle that the AUL might field: you'll drown the reader in details if you do that.

What I'm suggesting is an approach that should allow the GM to go as generic or as detailed as he wishes: include a few fairly unique vehicle designs, perhaps on a "one or two per region" basis; include a set of generic vehicle write-ups; and include a toolkit of customization options in the form of tradeoffs that can be applied to the generic combat vehicles to either represent specific named models ("The Eagle is a medium fighter with improved performance at the cost of increased maintenance requirements, usually found in North American AUL forces") or jury-rigged one-of-a-kind models ("We've souped up our Commanche gunship with some extra missile launchers. Unfortunately, that throws the balance off. I hope you're a really good pilot; you'll need to be, to keep that thing in the air...") If you want, you can include a list of common models of each generic vehicle type, specifying which regions you're likely to find them in and what sorts of customizations they have.

I envision a system not unlike the Mutant Animals design system found in After the Bomb with its species write-ups and Bio-E points, but geared toward vehicle designs and taking more of a trade-offs approach to customizing, where each feature introduced tends to result in a complication of some sort that tends to offset the feature, on the theory that features that don't have downsides quickly become standard features of the underlying vehicle type, rather than customizations. The equivalent of Bio-E points wouldn't be a measure of how much a given model can be improved; rather, it would be a measure of how accommodating the basic design is to modifications.

The GM who wants or needs extreme detail can provide it by referencing the named models (which then become shorthand for things like "a heavy AFV with <list of features and complications>"). A GM who wants to steer clear of that kind of detail can just use the generic vehicles as written. And if presented right, even the "generic" vehicles won't necessarily feel generic: instead of, say, writing up a generic "utility vehicle" with specific models including the North American HMMWV, write up the "HMMWV medium utility vehicle", on the basis that the HMMWV either typifies the medium utility vehicle concept or represents the best medium utility vehicle design out there; and list all other medium utility vehicle models in terms of how they differ from the HMMWV.

I'm looking for "bang for buck" here: a way to get as much variety in vehicle designs as possible in as little space as possible while making the whole thing as easy to use as possible, so that the rest of the space can be devoted to things like the history and (dis)organization of the AUL, advice on how to incorporate the AUL into your campaign, and other things that actually involve roleplaying. (Pet peeve of mine: I often get the sense that PB in general, and the Robotech RPG in particular, gets a little too caught up in the hardware and tends to overlook the setting and story elements. I think that an AUL supplement - official or not - could go a long way toward correcting this tendency.)
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by Lt Gargoyle »

Zino do you ever see the movie Fire Fox with clint eastwood? he was a spy or something and he stole a really cool expermental aircraft. one of two. I think that would be a great AUL jet fighter.

But it made me think of a great adventure for a member of your AUL team who is soloing for whatever reason. Trying to steal a expermental Alpha veritech. He would have to get aboard the Robotech factory and then he would have to escape and fight his way out of the debris ring. He could have a hidden shuttle sitting somewhere hiding for him to load it with missiles and whatever else a GM needs. Then there would be the old school VF squad chasing him through the atmosphere.

How it ends is open to the adventure.
Well men if we are destine to die, let us die with honor

If all of your wishes are granted then many of your dreams will be destroyed.

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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

Lt Gargoyle wrote:Zino do you ever see the movie Fire Fox with clint eastwood? he was a spy or something and he stole a really cool expermental aircraft. one of two. I think that would be a great AUL jet fighter.

But it made me think of a great adventure for a member of your AUL team who is soloing for whatever reason. Trying to steal a expermental Alpha veritech. He would have to get aboard the Robotech factory and then he would have to escape and fight his way out of the debris ring. He could have a hidden shuttle sitting somewhere hiding for him to load it with missiles and whatever else a GM needs. Then there would be the old school VF squad chasing him through the atmosphere.

How it ends is open to the adventure.


yes i saw that movie when l was little back then and love it and by the way NICE post man
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

dataweaver wrote:
taalismn wrote:
dataweaver wrote:Yeah; but I know what an armored vehicle and an ATV are. And you don't want to write "Janes' All the Worlds Fighting Vehicles" here.
Depends on how gritty a campaign you wanna run...If vehicles are just poorly drawn blobs in the background, it's fine to say 'generic redshirt AFV or APC comes at you'..Typically high levels of detail come into play if and when the characters are de-mecha'ed , operating under tight operational constraints(like 'Don't tell everybody the RDF's poking around by wandering around in your battloid lifting the roofs off of huts...")..at which point a Robotech campaign starts looking more like Twilight 2000...
I'm not saying "don't use specific models". I'm saying that a viable sourcebook (whether an official one or a fan-made e-book) should avoid trying to provide independent, detailed stats for every possible military vehicle that the AUL might field: you'll drown the reader in details if you do that.

What I'm suggesting is an approach that should allow the GM to go as generic or as detailed as he wishes: include a few fairly unique vehicle designs, perhaps on a "one or two per region" basis; include a set of generic vehicle write-ups; and include a toolkit of customization options in the form of tradeoffs that can be applied to the generic combat vehicles to either represent specific named models ("The Eagle is a medium fighter with improved performance at the cost of increased maintenance requirements, usually found in North American AUL forces") or jury-rigged one-of-a-kind models ("We've souped up our Commanche gunship with some extra missile launchers. Unfortunately, that throws the balance off. I hope you're a really good pilot; you'll need to be, to keep that thing in the air...") If you want, you can include a list of common models of each generic vehicle type, specifying which regions you're likely to find them in and what sorts of customizations they have.

I envision a system not unlike the Mutant Animals design system found in After the Bomb with its species write-ups and Bio-E points, but geared toward vehicle designs and taking more of a trade-offs approach to customizing, where each feature introduced tends to result in a complication of some sort that tends to offset the feature, on the theory that features that don't have downsides quickly become standard features of the underlying vehicle type, rather than customizations. The equivalent of Bio-E points wouldn't be a measure of how much a given model can be improved; rather, it would be a measure of how accommodating the basic design is to modifications.

The GM who wants or needs extreme detail can provide it by referencing the named models (which then become shorthand for things like "a heavy AFV with <list of features and complications>"). A GM who wants to steer clear of that kind of detail can just use the generic vehicles as written. And if presented right, even the "generic" vehicles won't necessarily feel generic: instead of, say, writing up a generic "utility vehicle" with specific models including the North American HMMWV, write up the "HMMWV medium utility vehicle", on the basis that the HMMWV either typifies the medium utility vehicle concept or represents the best medium utility vehicle design out there; and list all other medium utility vehicle models in terms of how they differ from the HMMWV.

I'm looking for "bang for buck" here: a way to get as much variety in vehicle designs as possible in as little space as possible while making the whole thing as easy to use as possible, so that the rest of the space can be devoted to things like the history and (dis)organization of the AUL, advice on how to incorporate the AUL into your campaign, and other things that actually involve roleplaying. (Pet peeve of mine: I often get the sense that PB in general, and the Robotech RPG in particular, gets a little too caught up in the hardware and tends to overlook the setting and story elements. I think that an AUL supplement - official or not - could go a long way toward correcting this tendency.)

i love what both of you are posting i am learning thank the both of you NICE posting by the way
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

ZINO wrote:i love what both of you are posting i am learning thank the both of you NICE posting by the way



Actually, off-forum I've had to fight off two of his damn Ranger squads, I've had to change the route I take home several times, and I flushed my cell phone(and had the dubious pleasure of watching a smart bomb strike take out a stretch of town sewer pipe)...
In return I haven't heard from one of my ninja teams, likewise I'm missing two of my SPETZNAZ commandos, but there WAS a delay in his replies after my last mobile artillery barrage, so I may be zeroing in on him...
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

Who, me? :angel: BTW, thank you for the Ranger training; it helped me pinpoint some weaknesses in their operations which I have since corrected. I look forward to Round Two.

And you are aware that sewer pipes can be backtracked, right? Just saying...
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

dataweaver wrote:Who, me? :angel: BTW, thank you for the Ranger training; it helped me pinpoint some weaknesses in their operations which I have since corrected. I look forward to Round Two.

And you are aware that sewer pipes can be backtracked, right? Just saying...


Provided I stupidly flushed it from my residence/place of work...
Have fun with the Atomic Gophers...
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

The what? Oh, dear...
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

lol :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol:
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

Okay...that 'oh dear..' could mean anything from "Oh dear, there are mice in the basement again, time to set out traps..."
to
'Oh dear GOD!SHOOTIT!SHOOTIT!GETITOFFMEGETITOFFMEGETITOFFMEEEEEEEeeeeeeeeee!!!!!!!!'
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by dataweaver »

...and I'll bet you're wondering which one it is... :mrgreen:
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by taalismn »

dataweaver wrote:...and I'll bet you're wondering which one it is... :mrgreen:


Actually, no..It's c) "Oh dear...Lassie? Timmy got stuck in the old mine again, and in order to survive you had to eat him? That's unfortunate, but he should have been more careful...He never did heed my lessons on Natural Selection..."
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

sorry for the delay recently I lost a friend /coworker this Saturday

but enjoy

List of A.U.L Navy equipment FROM AROUND THE WORLD part 1
note before they had to go for under sea tactics

Sovremenny class destroyer


The Sovremenny class destroyer is the principal anti-surface warship of the Russian Navy. Soviet designation for the class was Project 956 Sarych (Buzzard).
Its primary role is to attack enemy warships while also providing sea and air defense for warships and transports under escort. It complements the Udaloy-Class Destroyers in Anti-Submarine operations.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ylenny.jpg


The project began in late 1960s when it was becoming obvious in Soviet Navy that naval guns still had an important role particularly in support of amphibious landings, but existing gun cruisers and destroyers were showing their age. A new design was started, employing new 130 mm automatic gun turret. Single- and twin mounts were developed, and twin mount chosen for its superior rate of fire. In 1971 a go-ahead was given for Severnaya design bureau to design "a ship capable of supporting amphibious landings". [1] At the same time, US Navy was constructing new large Spruance class multirole destroyers. To reply to this new threat, Project 956 was updated with new air defence suite and new, powerful 3M80 anti-ship missiles. Although Soviet Navy had largely moved to gas turbine propulsion for its new warships, steam turbines were selected instead for Project 956: partly because production of naval gas turbines would have been insufficient for entire program. Lead ship of the class, Sovremenny was laid down in 1976 and commissioned in 1980. A total of 18 have been built for the Russian Navy but only twelve remain in service due to lack of funds and trained personnel. All the ships were built by Severnaya Verf 190 St. Petersburg.
These ships have a maximum displacement of 7,940 t. Dimensions are: Length 156 m, Beam 17.3 m and draught is 6.5 m. They are armed with an anti-submarine helicopter, 44 air defence missiles, eight anti-ship missiles, torpedoes, mines, long-range guns and a sophisticated electronic warfare system.
There are a total of three versions of this class: the original Project 956 armed with 3M80 version of Moskit anti-ship missile, and its successor, the Project 956A, which is armed with improved 3M80M version of Moskit anti-ship missile with longer range. The main difference between the two is that the missile launching tubes on Project 956A are longer than that of Project 956 to accommodate the increased size of the newer missile, and these launching tubes can be used to fire / store the original 3M80 as well. A third version, Project 956EM, later developed for People's Liberation Army Navy was the latest development of this class.
Design
Command and Control
The ship's combat systems can use target designation data from the ship's active and passive sensors, from other ships in the fleet, from surveillance aircraft or via a communications link from the ship's helicopter. The multi-channel defence suite is capable of striking several targets simultaneously.
Missiles
The ship is outfitted with the Raduga Moskit anti-ship missile system with two four-cell launchers installed port and starboard of the forward island and set at an angle about 15°. The ship carries a total of eight Moskit 3M80E missiles, NATO designation SS-N-22 Sunburn. The missile is a sea-skimming missile with velocity of Mach 2.5, armed with a 300 kg high-explosive or a nuclear 200 kt warhead. The range is from 10 to 120 km. The launch weight is 4,000 kg.
Two Shtil surface-to-air missile systems are installed, each on the raised deck behind the twin-barrelled 130 mm guns. Shtil is the export name of the SA-N-7, NATO reporting name Gadfly.(From the 9th ship onwards, same launcher is used for SA-17Grizzly/ SA-N-12Yezh.) The system uses the ship's three dimensional circular scan radar for target tracking. Up to three missiles can be aimed simultaneously. The range is up to 25 km against targets with speeds up to 830 m/s. The ship carries 48 Shtil missiles.
Guns



The ship's 130 mm guns are the AK-130-MR-184. The system includes a computer control system with electronic and television sighting. The gun can be operated in fully automatic mode from the radar control system, under autonomous control using the turret mounted Kondensor optical sighting system and can also be laid manually. Rate of fire is disputed, but various Russian sources credit the weapon with a cyclic rate of 30-40 rounds per minute per barrel, in line with the French Creusot-Loire 100 mm or the Italian OTO-Melara 127 mm/54, but faster than the US Mark 45.
The ship has four six-barreled 30 mm AK-630 artillery systems. The maximum rate of fire is 5,000 rounds/min. Range is up to 4,000 m for low flying anti-ship missiles and 5,000 m for light surface targets. The gun is outfitted with radar and television detection and tracking. The latest Sovremennys carry the CADS-N-1 Kashtan CIWS system instead of AK-630.


The destroyer has two double 533 mm torpedo tubes and two six-barrel RBU-1000 anti-submarine rocket launchers, with 48 rockets. Range is 1,000 m The rocket is armed with a 55 kg warhead.

The Project 956 destroyer is fitted with an electronic countermeasures system and carries a store of 200 rockets for the two decoy dispensers, model PK-2.


The complete sensor suite and ECM is all around, very impressive: 3D radar 'Top Steer', replaced lather with 'Top Plate' (MR-760), 230 km range vs fighters and 50 km vs missiles; Mineral system ('Band Stand') to allow the SS-N 22 guidance; 3 navigation and surface control radar MR-201 e 212; 2 'Bass Tilt'(MR-123) for CIWS; 6 'Top Dome' radar for SA-N-7 guidance (a very large arrangement to assure an effective defense against saturation attacks), linked with 3D radar and two SAM launcher (5 missile min each); 1 'Kite Screech' radar for 130 mm (MR-184 Lev). Sonar MG-335 high-mid frequences ('Bull Horn' in NATO code). ECM and ESM are many: 2 ESM MR-410 or MP-405; 2 ECM MRP-11M or 12M ('Bell Shroud'), 2 'Bell Squat', 4 'Foot-ball B' and one MR-407; 2 PK-2M rocket launchers (140 mm), and 8 PK-10 (120 mm), 2-8 laser-warning systems Spektr-F, one Squeeze Box (TV, laser and IR system).


Propulsion
The ship's propulsion system is based on two steam turbine engines each producing 50,000 hp together with four high-pressure boilers. There are two fixed-pitch propellers. The ship's maximum speed is just under 33 knots. At a fuel-economic speed of 18 knots the range is 3,920 miles.





PLAN variants
The Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) had two modified Sovremenniy destroyers delivered in December 1999 and November 2000. In 2002, the PLAN ordered two improved versions designated 956-EM. The first vessel was launched in late 2005, while the second is due to launch in 2006. China's acquisition of Sovremenniy class destroyers caused widespread concern among its neighbors in the Asia-Pacific, most especially Taiwan, which has been regarded by Beijing as a renegade province.
On the improved Project 956EM the aft AK-130 main gun was removed. The four AK-630 CIWS were replaced by two sets of Kashtan short-range air defence gun/missile systems. Each Kashtan system comprises a 3R86E1 command module and two 3R87E combat modules. Each 3R87E combat module has two 30 mm GSh-30k six-barrel automatic guns (range 0.5~4 km) and two SA-N-11 air defence missiles. The missile is armed with a 9 kg warhead and has a range of 1.5~8 km. This improved 956EM version is also the first to be armed with the newer version of SS-N-22, which reported has a designation of 3-M80MBE and possibly funded by China (according to Russian sources), and the new missile differs from the older ones mainly in that the range is increased from 120 km to 200 km. The air defense software is upgraded to accommodate the newer SA-N-12/SA-17 SAM system, but since China had already joined Russia in developing an even newer successor, it is not clear if SA-N-12/SA-17 has entered Chinese service in large numbers.
In 2006, the extra spheres (painted white as the mid-2006) added atop of the superstructures of the Chinese ships appearing in latest photographs of the Chinese units have shown that these Chinese ships had been upgraded with the domestic HN-900 Data link (Chinese equivalent of Link 11A/B, to be upgraded) and SATCOM (probably the SNTI-240).


General characteristics
Displacement: 6,200 tons standard, 7,940 tons full load
Length: 156 m
Beam: 17.3 m
Draught: 6.5 m
Propulsion: 2 shaft steam turbines, 4 boilers, 100,000 hp
Speed: 32 knots
Range: 14,000 nm at 14 kt
Complement: 350
Armament: 2× 4 SS-N-22 'Sunburn' Moskit SSM
2 × 1 SA-N-7 'Gadfly' SAM
4× (2×2) 130 mm guns
4× 30 mm AK-630 Gatling guns
4× (2x2) 553 mm Torpedo tubes
2 × RBU-1000 ASW rockets
Aircraft carried: 1× Ka-27 'Helix'


Udaloy class destroyer


The Udaloy class are a series of anti-submarine destroyers built for the Soviet Navy - The Russian designation is Project 1155 Fregat (Frigate bird). The Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, multi-role combatants. The concept of a specialized surface ship was developed by Soviet designers. Two different types of warships were laid down which were designed by the Severnoye Design Bureau: Project 956 destroyer and Project 1155 large antisubmarine ship. Generally the Soviet equivalent of the American Spruance class destroyer, there are variations in SAM and air search radar among units of the class. Based on the Krivak class, the emphasis on ASW left these ships with limited anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ov2009.jpg


The Udaloy class are a series of anti-submarine destroyers built for the Soviet Navy - The Russian designation is Project 1155 Fregat (Frigate bird). The Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, multi-role combatants. The concept of a specialized surface ship was developed by Soviet designers. Two different types of warships were laid down which were designed by the Severnoye Design Bureau: Project 956 destroyer and Project 1155 large antisubmarine ship. Generally the Soviet equivalent of the American Spruance class destroyer, there are variations in SAM and air search radar among units of the class. Based on the Krivak class, the emphasis on ASW left these ships with limited anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.


Following Udaloy's commissioning, designers began developing an upgrade package in 1982 to provide more balanced capabilities. The Project 1155.1 Fregat II Class Large ASW Ships (NATO Codename Udaloy II), Russia's only multipurpose destroyer, is intended to be the Russian counterpart to the American Arleigh Burke class ships. The Udaloy-II is modified by the replacement of the SS-N-14 by the SS-N-22, reflecting a change in emphasis from ASW to anti-shipping, however, her standoff ASW capability is retained by firing SS-N-15 missiles from the torpedo tubes. Other changes include an improved self defense capability with the addition of the gun/SAM CIWS systems. Similar to Udaloy externally, it was a new configuration with the Moskit antiship missiles, a twin 130 mm gun, the Udav antitorpedo system and several anti-aircraft systems. Powered by a modern gas-turbine engine, it was equipped with more capable sonars, an integrated air defense fire control system, and a number of digital electronic systems based on state-of-the-art circuitry.
In 2006 it was reported by Jane's that the Navy was to place the Northern Fleet's Project 1155 Udaloy I-class destroyer Admiral Kharlamov into reserve in the face of delayed funding for a planned overhaul and upgrade programme


General characteristics



Displacement: 6,200 tons standard, 7,900 tons full load
Length: 163 m
Beam: 19.3 m
Draught: 6.2 m
Propulsion: 2 shaft COGAG, 4 gas turbines, 120,000 hp
Speed: 35 kt
Range: 10500 nm at 14 kt
Complement: 300
Armament: 2x4 SS-N-14 anti submarine missiles (2x4 SS-N-22 Sunburn ASCM in Udaloy II), 8 vertical launchers for SA-N-9 surface to air missiles, Guns 2x1 100 mm (1x2 130 mm in Udaloy II), 4-30 mm Gatling, 2x Altair CADS-N-1 Kashtan CIWS (SA-N-11 SAM/GSh-6-30 guns) in Udaloy II, 2x4 -553 mm Torpedo tube, Type 53 ASW/ASuW torpedo, SS-N-15 ASW missiles in Udaloy II, 2 RBU-6000 anti submarine rocket launchers

Aircraft carried: helicopter deck and hangar, 2 Ka-27 'Helix'series helicopters



Kashin class destroyer


The Kashin class destroyers were a group of guided missile destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the 1960s and early 1970s. Their Soviet Designation was Project 61. As of 2007, one ship is in service with the Russian Navy, and five modified ships are in service with the Indian Navy as Rajput class destroyers.
In the USSR they were officially classified as "guard ships" (storozhevoi korabl - SKR), then "large ASW ships" (BPK) or "large missile ships" (BRK), but in the rest of world they are commonly regarded as missile destroyers due to their size and armament. They were the first Soviet purpose-built anti-air warfare ships and the first to carry an ASW helicopter. They were also probably the first ships in the world of that size to be powered by gas turbine engines (Conway's).


Much new equipment was developed for these ships, including SAM missiles, radars and gas turbine engines.The gas turbines were arranged in two separate spaces and could be removed via the funnels for servicing. These were also the first Soviet ships designed to be closed down for Nuclear fall out and had an operations room deep inside the ship rather than a large bridge
Six ships were modernised in the 1970s as the Project 61M or MP (Kashin-Mod) by being fitted with four SS-N-2C Styx anti-ship missiles, new towed-array sonar, a raised helo pad and four close range AK-630 Gatling guns. The two RBU-1000 ASW rocket launchers were mounted aft, but later removed.
The Smetlivy was modernised (mk01090) in Mykolaiv in the early 1990s and fitted with new Kh-35 (SS-N-25 'Switchblade', 'Harpoonski') anti-shipping missiles and MNK-300 sonar. She is the only Kashin active in the modern Russian Navy.
The Rajput class modification built for Indian Navy has the after gun turret replaced by a hangar for a helicopter as well as SS-N-2C anti ship missiles on the sides of the bridge.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... yy2003.jpg


Rajput class destroyer


The Rajput Class destroyers built for the Indian Navy are modified versions of Soviet Kashin class destroyers. Rajput class destroyers are the first ships in the Indian Navy to be fitted with BrahMos supersonic cruise missile systems. The missiles will be fitted during the mid-life refit of the ships. The missile system has 8 missiles with bow mounted launchers.[1] A new development is the deployment of vertical launchers for BrahMos missile. The launcher has been fitted on the INS Ranvijay.[2]
The Russians built the Rajput (Kashin II) class destroyers for India after considerable modifications to the Kashin design. The helicopter pad in the original design was replaced with a flight elevator.
The Kashin class ship was designed to fulfill a variety of roles including anti-air and antisubmarine warfare to defend task forces from submarines, low-flying aircraft, and cruise missiles. Five units of a variant of the modified Kashin class design were built in the former USSR for export to India in the 1980s. Construction began after an interval of nearly a decade following the conclusion of building this class for the Soviet navy, and significant delays were experienced in the delivery of this batch.[

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... bar_07.jpg


General characteristics
Type: Guided missile destroyer

Displacement: 3,950 tons standard,
4,974 tons full load
Length: 147 metres (480 ft)
Beam: 15.8 metres (52 ft)
Draught: 5 metres (16 ft)
Propulsion: 4 x gas turbine engines; 2 shafts, 72,000 hp
Speed: 35 knots (65 km/h)
Range: 4,000 miles (6,400 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h)
2,600 miles (4,200 km) at 30 knots (56 km/h)
Complement: 320 (including 35 officers)
Sensors and
processing systems: Navigation; 2 x Volga (NATO: Don Kay) radar at I-band frequency,
Air; 1 x MP-500 Kliver (NATO: Big Net-A) radar at C-band or 1 x Bharat RAWL (Dutch Signaal LW08) radar at D-band (installed on INS Ranjit),
Air/Surface; 1 x MR-310U Angara (NATO: Head Net-C) radar at E-band,
Communication; Inmarsat,
Sonar; 1 x hull mounted Vycheda MG-311 (NATO: Wolf Paw) sonar, 1 x Vyega MG-325 (NATO: Mare Tail) variable depth sonar
Armament: 8 x Brahmos supersonic missiles,
1 x 76 mm main gun,
4 x 30 mm AK-230 guns or 4 x 30 mm AK-630M guns (replaced by Barak SAM in some vessels),
2 x S-125M (NATO: SA-N-1) SAM twin launchers,
1 x 533 mm PTA 533 quintuple torpedo tube launcher,
2 x RBU-6000 anti-submarine mortars,
1 x Dhanush ballistic missile (added to INS Rajput)

Aircraft carried: 1 x Ka-28 or HAL Chetak helicopter




Alligator class landing ship

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... stopol.jpg

Project 1171 (Tapir) class landing ship (NATO reporting name: Alligator) is a class of Soviet / Russian general purpose, beachable amphibious transport docks (Soviet classification: Large landing ship, Russian: БДК, большой десантный корабль).
Design of Project 1171 was initiated in 1959 by the Navy, while a similar dual-purpose Project 1173 was ordered by the civilian Ministry of Shipping. Eventually both designs were merged under Project 1171 umbrella, and the resulting ship was a compromise between military (speed, survivability) and civil (fuel economy) objectives. Design team produced four different configurations of the ship. The Navy selected the most powerful and fastest option, which was also least fuel-efficient, and the civil Ministry withdrew from the project completely. All production ships were made for the Navy and never operated on shipping lines.[1]
A total of 14 vessels were completed between 1964 and 1975; all were retired in 1992–1995.[1] As at September, 2008, two vessels, currently named Orsk and Saratov are in active service with the 179-th brigade of Russian Black Sea Fleet. An unidentified number remains in reserve.[2]
Saratov (БДК-65) was launched in July 1964, commissioned in 1966 as Voronezhsky Komsomolets. As a leader ship of a formation, it lacked the habitable troops compartments installed on other ships of the class. Saratov was stationed in Donuzlav (Black Sea Fleet) until the Union collapsed and then remained mothballed in Odessa until 1994. The ship was reported in active operations in 2000 and later.[3]
Orsk (БДК-69) was launched and commissioned in 1968 as Nikolay Obekov. It served a total of 11 campaigns in Indian and Atlantic oceans and the Mediterranean. Later, under Russian flag, it carried peacekeeping troops and materials to Yugoslavia, Adjaria and Abkhasia.[4]
Some vessels were used in the 2008 South Ossetia war


General characteristics

Displacement: 3,400 tons standard
4,360-4,700 tons full load
Length: 112.8-113.1 meters long
Beam: 15.3-15.6 meters beam
Propulsion: 2 diesels, 2 shafts, 9,000 bhp
Speed: 16-18 knots
Capacity: 1,750 tons
Troops: 440
Crew: 55
Armament: Missiles: 1 122mm UMS-72 Grad-M bombardment RL in some, 3 SA-N-5 SAM positions in some



Guns: 1 dual 57mm/70cal DP, 2 dual 25 mm AA in some.

Ropucha class landing ship




The Ropucha (toad), or Project 775 class landing ships are classified in the Russian Navy as "large landing craft"(Bol'shoy Desatnyy Korabl). They were built in Poland in the Stocznia Polnocna shipyards, in Gdansk. They are designed for beach landings and can carry a 450 ton cargo.
They were built for the Soviet Navy during the Cold War, but the current Russian Navy has little need for a long-range amphibious capability and most of them are kept in reserve.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... 4/BDK-14(1).jpg






General characteristics
Displacement: 2,200 tons standard
4,360 tons full load
Length: 113 m
Beam: 15 m
Draught: 3.7 m
Propulsion: 2 diesel turbines; 2 propellers, 19,200 hp
Speed: 18 knots (33 km/h)
Range: 6,100 nm at 18 knots (33 km/h)
Complement: 98
Armament: Strela 2(SA-N-5) surface-to-air missile system(4 launchers)
30 mm AK-630 air defence gun(2 six-barreled gatling mounts)
76 mm AK-176 DP (1)
122 mm UMS-73 Grad multiple rocket launcher(2)




Bora class guided missile hovercraft


The Bora-class hoverborne guided missile corvette of the Russian Navy is one of the few types of military side-wall hovercraft built solely for marine combat purposes, rather than troop landing or transport. Its designation in the Soviet and Russian navies is Project 1239; the first vessel produced under this designation was Sivuch, which was later renamed Bora. It is one of the biggest battle sea vehicles with catamaran design.
The ship is one of many marine craft built by the Russian Federation for coastal defense, both domestically and for export. The weapons array Bora class warships carry varies depending on which of several configurations it is built to. The specifications listed are for the two existing craft.


The Bora-class was designed in 1988 mainly for coastal defense and patrol duties versus surface vessels, large and small. There are two currently in service, both assigned to the Russian Black Sea Fleet. A future series of hovercraft have been planned based on this model for future production.
Some sources speculate that the hovercraft suffers from 'extensive mechanical malfunctions'[citation needed], despite this they have however performed excellently in combat exercises and in rough weather, according to various reports from the navy


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... _Samum.jpg



General characteristics
Displacement: Around 1,050 tonnes (1,030 long tons)

Length: 210 ft (64 m)

Beam: 59 ft (18 m)

Draught: 10 ft (3.0 m)

Installed power: 4 × 200 kW diesel-driven generators

Propulsion: • Twin M10-D1 type gas turbine engines rated at 60,000 horsepower (45,000 kW) bound to two primary three-blade propellers
• Twin M511A reduction gear diesel engines rated at 20,000 horsepower (15,000 kW) bound to two primary three-blade propellers
• Twin M52OM3 auxiliary diesel engines driving superchargers rated at 6,800 horsepower (5,100 kW) used to inflate the skirts

Speed: 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h) cruise
55 knots (63 mph; 102 km/h) maximum
Range: 2,500 nmi (4,600 km) at 12 knots
800 nmi (1,500 km) at 55 knots (102 km/h)
Endurance: 10 days
Complement: 35 minimum
68 combat
Sensors and
processing systems: • Monolit-E / Monument-E target detection and designation radar
• Pozitiv-ME1 air/surface search radar
• 5P-10E Fire Control Radar
• Anapa-ME1 sonar
• Moskit-E 3Ts-81E missile fire control system
• Various cannon and missile guidance and countermeasure systems
Electronic warfare
and decoys: • Vympel-R2 suite with Foot Ball-A interceptors
• Half Hat-B interceptors
• 2 × PK-10 decoy rocket launchers
• 2 × PK-16 decoy rocket launchers

Armament: • 2 × Quadruple MT-206ME launchers for 3M-80E "Moskit" marine cruise missiles (or various others)
• 1 × 9K33M "Osa-MA" type surface-to-air missile system for anti-aircraft defense with 20 missiles
• 1 × AK-176M automatic 76.2 mm cannon or 1 × AK-100 automatic 100 mm cannon
• 2 × AK-630 30 mm anti-aircraft Gatling cannons
• 16 × 9K38 Igla man-portable shoulder mounted surface-to-air missile launcher sets
• 2 × 14.5 mm naval machine gun mounts
• 1 × DP-64 anti-saboteur grenade launcher

Notes: Combat ready in rough weather up to Sea State 5
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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ZINO
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

List of A.U.L Navy equipment FROM AROUND THE WORLD part 2

Zubr class LCAC
The Zubr class (or Project 1232.2 class (NATO reporting name Pomornik) is a class of air-cushioned landing craft of Russian design. This class of military hovercraft is the world’s largest.[8] There are currently nine ships in active service in the world. The Zubr is used by the Russian, Ukrainian, and Greek navies. [9] The transfer of the Kefallinia (L- 180), the first of two Zubr hovercraft purchased by the Greeks,[10] to the Hellenic Navy marked the first time that a Russian-made ship was used by the navy of a NATO member.[11][12][13]
It is designed to sealift landing assault units (such as marines or tanks) from equipped/non-equipped vessels to non-equipped shore, as well as transport and plant mines.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... class.JPEG



High strength and floatability of the craft are provided by a rectangular pontoon, the main load-carrying part of the ship's hull. The superstructure built on the pontoon is divided into 3 compartments with two longitudinal bulkheads: combat materiel compartment in the midsection fitted with tank ramps, and outboard sections housing main and auxiliary propulsion units, troop compartments, living quarters, and NBC protection systems. To improve working conditions in the battle stations, troop compartments and living quarters, they are fitted with air-conditioning and heating-systems, sound/heat-insulating coatings, and structures made of vibrodamping materials. The ship provides normal conditions for the crew to take meals and rest.
Personnel are protected against effects of weapons of mass destruction with airtight sealing of combat stations, crew and troop compartments, as well as individual gas masks and protection suits. The ship is also protected from influence mines with the horizontal winding to compensate for the ship's and the transported materiel's magnetic fields. The central command post and MS-227 device compartments are strengthened with alloy armour.




Capacity
The Zubr landing craft has a cargo area of 400 square metres (4,300 sq ft), and a fuel capacity of 56 tons.[14]It can carry three main battle tanks (up to 131 tonnes), or ten armoured personnel carriers with 140 troops (up to 115 tonnes), or up to 500 troops (with 360 troops in the cargo compartment). At full displacement the ship is capable of negotiating up to 5-degree gradients on non-equipped shores and 1.6m-high vertical walls. Zubr remains seaworthy in conditions up to Sea state 4, sailing on air cushion at 30-40 knots



General characteristics
Type: Air-cushioned landing craft

Displacement: 340 tons (light)
415 tons (normal)
555 tons (full load)[1]

Length: 57 metres (190 ft)[2]

Draught: 1.6 metres (5.2 ft)[3]

Propulsion: Motors gas turbine
5 Type NK-12MV gas-turbines;[4] 2 for lift, 3 for propulsion; 5 x 11,836 horsepower
Propellers: 3 four bladed variable pitch propellers
Speed: 63 knots[5]
55 knots if sustained [6]

Range: 300 miles (480 km) at 55 knots
Complement: 31 (4 officers, 27 enlisted)[7]

Sensors and
processing systems: General detection radar
Surface search radar
Electronic warfare
and decoys: Electronic Countermeasures System: Decoys, MS227 chaff launcher, ESM: Tool Box; intercept
Armament: Strela-3 Portable Air Defense Missile System 4 x 4 launchers plus 32 Anti-Personnel missiles; or 2 SA-N-5 "Grail" quad launchers, manual aiming, infared homing to 6 km at 1.5 Mach, altitude to 2,500 m, warhead 1.5 kg
30 mm AK-630 Air Defense Gun Mount 2 x 6 with 6000 rounds, 3,000 rounds/min combined to 2 km
140 mm Ogon launchers 2 x 22 with 132 rockets; or 2 retractable 122mm rocket launchers
Mines (one set of removable equipment for laying from 20 to 80 mines, depending on their types)


Krivak class frigate


The Krivak class were a series of frigates built for the Soviet Navy. The Soviet designation was Project 1135 Burevestnik (Storm Petrel).
These ships were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. A total of 32 ships were built for the Soviet Navy and 8 modified ships for the KGB Maritime Border Guard.
The ship's unique features - the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast earned it a rap-like nickname among U. S. sailors that comes from their foreign ship silhouette identification training - "Hot dog pack, Smokestack, Guns in Back - Krivak."
How many ships that remain in active duty today is uncertain. According to some sources Russia has 4 units in service and the Ukrainian Navy 1.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... rigate.jpg


• Krivak 1 - designated Project 1135 Buravestnik, design process started in 1956 as an anti-surface frigate successor to the Riga class frigate. The role changed to an anti submarine ship powered by gas turbines and armed with the SS-N-14 missile. The main building yards were Zhdanov Yard, Leningrad, Yatar Yard, Kaliningrad and Kamysh Borun yard, Kerch
• Krivak 2 - Project 1135 M Buravestnik M This group of ships were fitted with single 100m guns instead of the twin 76mm weapons of the Krivak 1. They also had a redesigned Variable depth Sonar (VDS) installation. All these ships were built in Kaliningrad
• Krivak 3 - designated Project 1135.5 Nerei (Nereus), These ships lacked the SS-N-14 missile system, which was replaced by a helicopter and hangar, and only one 100 mm gun at the bow of the ship. These ships were built for and operated by the KGB Maritime Border Guard.
• Krivak 4 - Project 1135.2 - This was a modernisation of the Krivak 1 ships Zharkiy and Leningradski Komsomolets (renamed Legkiy). The refit involved replacing the RBU-6000 anti submarine mortars with SS-N-25 anti ship missiles, new radar , sonar and ECM equipment. The two ships completed their refits in 1991 and others were to have been modernised but the programme was cancelled with the colapse of the Soviet Union
• Talwar class - this is an advanced derivative built for the Indian Navy from 1999 to 2003.
• Admiral Gorshkov class (Project 22350) is the most modern Russian Frigate and is derived from the Talwar class built for the Indian Navy




General characteristics
Displacement: 3300 tons standard, 3575 tons full load
Length: 405.3 ft (123.5 m)
Beam: 46.3 ft (14.1 m)
Draught: 15.1 ft (4.6 m)
Propulsion: 2 shaft; COGAG; 2x M-8k gas-turbines, 40,000 shp; 2x M-62 gas-turbines (cruise), 14,950 shp
Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h)
Range: 4,995 nmi (9,251 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement: 200
Sensors and
processing systems: Radar: Don-2, Don Kay or Palm Frond, Spin trough, Eye Bowl, Kite screech, Pop Group
Sonar: Bull Nose, Mare Tail
Armament: 1× 4 SS-N-14 'Silex' ASW missiles
2× SA-N-4'Gecko' SAM (40 missiles)
4× 76 mm guns (2×2) (Krivak II had 2× 1 100 mm guns)
2 x RBU-6000 Anti-Submarine rockets
2× 4 533 mm torpedo tubes



Neustrashimy class frigate


Neustrashimy class frigates (Russian: Неустрашимый, alt.Eng. Neustrashimyy) are the most modern large frigates in the Russian Navy. The Soviet designation is Project 1154 Yastreb (Hawk).


The ship class was designed as a general purpose ASW frigate to follow on from the Krivak class frigates. This group of frigates incorporates some stealth technology. The program started in 1986 and seven ships were originally planned. As of 2007, only one ship, the Neustrashimy (Неустрашимый - Fearless), is in service with the Russian Navy's Baltic Fleet and is active. On February 24 2009 the second ship in the class, the Yaroslav Mudry, left the Yantar shipyard in Russia's Kaliningrad for its first sea-trials.[1]


The ships were built by Yantar Yard, Kaliningrad. Only the Neustrashimy was completed by the time the Soviet Union collapsed. Two further ships were incomplete. Yaroslav Mudry (named after the great ruler of the Kievan Rus Yaroslav the Wise) and Tuman (Fog, named after the World War II era Soviet patrol boat whose crew exhibited great valour in combat with three German destroyers). As of February, 2009, the frigate Yaroslav Mudry has began sea trials and will enter service in April, 2009.[2]


2008-09 deployment to Somalia
In late September 2008, the Neustrashimy left the Baltic Fleet and was sent to the Gulf of Aden waters off the Somali coast to fight piracy in the region,[3] and to intercept MV Faina, a Ukrainian ship bound for Kenya carrying 33 T-72 battle tanks and a hoard of ammunition, that was seized by pirates off the Horn of Africa. Russian navy spokesman Capt. Igor Dygalo told the Associated Press that the missile frigate Neustrashimy had left the Baltic Sea port of Baltiisk a day before the hijacking to cooperate with other unspecified countries in anti-piracy efforts.[4] As of 27 October, it was operating independently in the vicinity of a group of NATO warships near the Somali coast.[5] On November 11, it helped capture suspected pirates that had been attempting to board the MV Powerful, although this is disputed by the Royal Navy. On November 16, 2008, it prevented pirates from capturing Saudi-Arabian ship


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... 712%29.jpg




General characteristics
Type: Frigate
Displacement: 3,800 tons (standard), 4,400 tons (full load)
Length: 129.6 m
Beam: 15.6 m
Draught: 5.6 m
Installed power: 110,000 hp
Propulsion: 2 shaft COGAG (gas turbines)

Speed: 30 knots
Complement: 210
Sensors and
processing systems: Radar: 1 Top Plate, 2 Palm Frond, Cross sword, 1 Kite Screech
Sonar: LF bow monted sonar and VDS
Armament: Anti-ship missiles: 16 - Kh-35 Uran/SS-N-25 Switchblade (four quad)

SAM: 4x8 VLS for SA-N-9
ASW: 1 12-tube RBU-6000 launcher
Guns: 1x 100mm gun, 2 Kashtan CIWS
Torpedoes: six 533mm tubes mounted in the superstructure for ASW missiles (RPK-2 Viyuga/SS-N-15 Starfish) or Type 53 ASW/ASuW torpedoes

Aircraft carried: 1 Ka-27 Helicopter

Aviation facilities: pad and hangar

Kara class cruiser


The Kara is a class of Cold War era Soviet guided missile cruisers. The Soviet designation is Project 1134B Berkut B - Беркут Б (Golden Eagle).
[edit] Design
These ships were enlarged versions of the Kresta II class, with gas turbine engines replacing the steam turbines. These ships were fitted as flagships with improved command, control and communications facilities. These are dedicated ASW ships with significant anti-aircraft capability including both SA-N-3 and SA-N-4 surface to air missiles.
The Specifications for the class were issued in 1964 with the design being finalised in the late 1960's. The gas turbine engine was chosen instead of steam for greater efficiency, quietness and because the main Soviet gas turbine plant had a long association with the Nikolayev shipyards.
The cruiser Azov was constructed as a trials ship for the SA-N-6 missile system and was also fitted with the associated Top Dome Radar. During the cold war she was confined to the Black Sea.




http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... stopol.jpg



General characteristics
Displacement: 9,900 tons
Length: 173.2 m
Beam: 18.6 m
Draught: 6.7 m
Propulsion: 2 shaft COGAG, 4 gas turbines, 120,000 hp (88 MW)

Speed: 32 knots
Range: 9,000 miles
Complement: 380
Armament: 2 quad SS-N-14 Silex anti-submarine missiles
2 twin SA-N-3 Goblet surface to air missile launchers (80 missiles)
SA-N-4 Gecko surface to air missile launchers (40 missiles)
2 twin 76mm AK-726 dual purpose guns
4 30mm AK-630 CIWS
2 RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers
2 RBU-1000 anti-submarine rocket launchers
24 SA-N-6 Grumble surface to air missiles [on Azov]

Aircraft carried: 1 Kamov Ka-25 'Hormone-A'



Slava class cruiser


The Slava class cruiser, Soviet designation Project 1164 Atlant, is a large conventionally-powered warship, currently operated by Russia.

The design started in the late 1960s and was based around the P-500 Bazalt missile, as a less expensive, conventional alternative to the nuclear powered Kirov class battlecruiser. There was a long delay in the programme, while the problems with this weapon were resolved. These ships acted as flagships for numerous task forces. All ships were built at the 61 Kommunar yard, in Mykolaiv, Ukraine (Nikolaev). The class was a follow up to the Kara class cruiser, constructed at the same shipyard and appears to be built on a stretched version of Kara hull.[2]
The Slava class was initially designated BLACKCOM 1 (Black Sea Combatant 1) and then designated the Krasina class for a short period until Slava was observed at sea. The SS-N-12 launchers are fixed facing forward at around 8° elevation with no reloads available. As there was nothing revolutionary about the design of the class western observers felt they were created as a hedge against the failure of the more radical Kirov class.[3] The helicopter hangar deck is located 1/2 deck below the landing pad with a ramp connecting the two.[4]
Today three ships serve in the Russian Navy and one uncompleted vessel is owned by Ukraine. No replacements for the class are yet planned and the three vessels in the Russian Navy will continue to be in service for some years to come


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... 03642.JPEG



General characteristics
Displacement: 11,490 tons
Length: 186.4 m
Beam: 20.8 m
Draught: 8.4 m
Propulsion: Gas turbines, 130,000 shp
Speed: 32 knots
Range: 7,500 miles
Complement: 476-529 (84 Off, 75 WO, 370 Enl)[1]

Armament: 16 P-500 Bazalt (SS-N-12 Sandbox) anti-ship missiles
64 S-300PMU Favorit (SA-N-6 Grumble) long-range surface-to-air missiles
40 OSA-M (SA-N-4 Gecko) SR SAM
1 twin AK-130 130mm/L70 dual purpose guns
6 AK-630 close-in weapons systems
2 RBU-6000 anti-submarine mortars
10 (2 quin) 533mm torpedo tubes

Armor: Splinter plating
Aircraft carried: 1 Kamov Ka-25 or Kamov Ka-27 Helicopter



Kirov class battlecruiser


The Kirov class battlecruisers are the largest and most powerful surface combatant warships in the Russian Navy and among the largest and most powerful in the world. Originally built for the Soviet Navy, in Russia they are usually known by the designation Project 1144 Orlan (meaning Sea eagle).
They are among the largest warships in the world, second only to aircraft carriers, and are similar in size to a World War I battleship. Because of this, the ships are sometimes known as battlecruisers in the West. It is more appropriate to consider Kirov an oversized guided missile cruiser, analogous to the U.S. Navy Alaska-class large cruiser, which had the displacement and armament of a battlecruiser but otherwise was closer to a heavy cruiser in mission and construction. Soviet and Russian naval analysts always referred to it as a "large missile cruiser" (literal translation from Russian - Heavy Nuclear(-Powered) Missile Cruiser). The appearance of the Kirov class played a large role in the recommissioning of the Iowa class battleships by the United States Navy in the 1980s.
The Kirov hull design was used for the nuclear-powered command ship SSV-33.



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ruiser.jpg

This class is equipped with missiles and guns as well as electronics. Its largest radar antenna is mounted on its foremast, and called "Top Pair" by NATO. The Kirov class's main weapons are 20 × P-700 Granit (SS-N-19) Shipwreck missiles mounted on deck, designed to engage large surface targets, and air defense is provided by 12 × 8 S-300F launchers with 96 missiles and 2 × 20 Osa-MA with 40 missiles. The ships had some differences in sensor and weapons suites; the lead ship Kirov came with SS-N-14 ASW missiles; on subsequent ships these were replaced with 9K331 Tor SAM systems. The 9K331 Tor installation is in fact mounted further forward of the old SS-N-14 mounting, in the structure directly behind the blast shield for the bow mounted RBU ASW rocket launcher. Kirov and Frunze had eight 30 mm AK-630 close-in weapon systems, which were supplanted with the Kashtan (CADS-N-1) air-defence missile/gun system on later ships.
Other weapons are the automatic 130 mm AK-130 gun system (except on Kirov which had two single 100 mm guns instead), 10 × torpedo/missile tubes (capable of firing SS-N-15 missiles on later ships), Udav-1 with 40 anti-submarine rockets and the 2 × RBU-1000 six-tube launchers.




• × Top Dome for SA-N-6 fire control (the forward Top Dome is replaced with Tomb Stone in Pyotr Velikiy)
• 4 × Bass Tilt for AK-360 CIWS System fire control (not in Nakhimov or Pyotr Velikiy)
• 2 × Eye Bowl for SA-N-4 fire control (Also for SS-N-14 in Ushakov)
• 2 × Hot Flash/Hot Spot for SA-N-11 Grisom (CADS-N-1 units only)
• 1 × Kite Screech for AK-100 or AK-130
• 2 × Cross Sword for SA-N-9 (Gauntlet-equipped units only)


General characteristics
Displacement: 24,300 tons Standard, 28,000 (Full Load)
Length: 252 m (830 ft)
Beam: 28.5 m (94 ft)
Draft: 9.1 m (30 ft)
Propulsion: 2-shaft CONAS, 2× KN-3 nuclear propulsion with 2× GT3A-688 steam turbines
140,000 shp[1]

Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h)
Range: 1,000 nautical miles (2,000 km) at 30 knots (56 km/h) (combined propulsion),
Essentially unlimited with nuclear power at 20 knots (37 km/h)
Complement: 710
Sensors and
processing systems: Radars(NATO Reporting Name):
Voskhod MR-800 (Top Pair) 3D search radar, foremast
Fregat MR-710 (Top Steer) 3D search radar, main mast
2 × Palm Frond navigation radar, foremast
Sonar:
Horse Jaw LF hull sonar
Horse Tail VDS (Variable Depth Sonar)
Armament: 20 P-700 Granit (SS-N-19 Shipwreck) AShM
14 SS-N-14 Silex ASW cruise missiles (Ushakov only)
12x8 (96) S-300PMU Favorit SA-N-6 Grumble surface-to-air missiles (Ushakov, Lazarev, Nakhimov)
96 S-400 (SA-NX-20 Gargoyle) long-range SAM (Pyotr Velikhy)
192 9K311 Tor (SA-N-9 Gauntlet) point defense SAM
44 OSA-MA (SA-N-4 Gecko) PD SAM
2x RBU-1000 305 mm ASW rocket launchers
2x RBU-12000 (Udav-1) 254 mm ASW rocket launchers
1 twin AK-130 130 mm/L70 dual purpose gun (2x AK-100 100 mm/L60 DP guns in Ushakov)
10 533 mm ASW/ASuW torpedo tubes, Type 53 torpedo or SS-N-15 ASW missile
8x AK-630 hex gatling 30 mm/L60 PD guns (Ushakov, Lazarev)
6x CADS-N-1 Kashtan missile/gun system (Nakhimov, Pyotr Velikhy)
Armour: 76 mm plating around reactor compartment, light splinter protection
Aircraft carried: 3 helicopters

Aviation facilities: Below-deck hangar







Kashin class destroyer


The Kashin class destroyers were a group of guided missile destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the 1960s and early 1970s. Their Soviet Designation was Project 61. As of 2007, one ship is in service with the Russian Navy, and five modified ships are in service with the Indian Navy as Rajput class destroyers.
In the USSR they were officially classified as "guard ships" (storozhevoi korabl - SKR), then "large ASW ships" (BPK) or "large missile ships" (BRK), but in the rest of world they are commonly regarded as missile destroyers due to their size and armament. They were the first Soviet purpose-built anti-air warfare ships and the first to carry an ASW helicopter.



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... yy2003.jpg



The design specification was approved in 1957; the first ship was laid down in 1959 and commissioned in 1962. Much new equipment was developed for these ships, including SAM missiles, radars and gas turbine engines.The gas turbines were arranged in two separate spaces and could be removed via the funnels for servicing. These were also the first Soviet ships designed to be closed down for Nuclear fall out and had an operations room deep inside the ship rather than a large bridge
Six ships were modernised in the 1970s as the Project 61M or MP (Kashin-Mod) by being fitted with four SS-N-2C Styx anti-ship missiles, new towed-array sonar, a raised helo pad and four close range AK-630 Gatling guns. The two RBU-1000 ASW rocket launchers were mounted aft, but later removed.
The Smetlivy was modernised (mk01090) in Mykolaiv in the early 1990s and fitted with new Kh-35 (SS-N-25 'Switchblade', 'Harpoonski') anti-shipping missiles and MNK-300 sonar. She is the only Kashin active in the modern Russian Navy.
The Rajput class modification built for Indian Navy has the after gun turret replaced by a hangar for a helicopter as well as SS-N-2C anti ship missiles on the sides of the bridge.


eneral characteristics Displacement: 3,400 tons standard,
4,390 tons full load Length: 144 metres (470 ft) Beam: 15.8 metres (52 ft) Draught: 4.6 metres (15 ft) Propulsion: 2 x COGAG; 2 shafts,
4 x M8E gas turbines; 72,000 hp (88 MW) Speed: 33 knots (61 km/h) Range: 3,500 nautical miles (6,480 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h) Complement: 266 to 320 Armament: 2 x double barrelled 76 mm AK-726 guns,
SAM: 2 x twin launchers (NATO reporting name: SA-N-1 Volna),
Navalised version of the Isayev S-125 (SA-3 Goa) system,
32 x missiles,
1×5 533 mm torpedo tubes,
2 x twelve barrel RBU-6000 ASW rocket launchers,
2 x six barrel RBU-1000 ASW rocket launchers Aircraft carried: 1 x helicopter (Indian ships only) Aviation facilities: Landing pad


Ropucha class landing ship


The Ropucha (toad), or Project 775 class landing ships are classified in the Russian Navy as "large landing craft"(Bol'shoy Desatnyy Korabl). They were built in Poland in the Stocznia Polnocna shipyards, in Gdansk. They are designed for beach landings and can carry a 450 ton cargo.
They were built for the Soviet Navy during the Cold War, but the current Russian Navy has little need for a long-range amphibious capability and most of them are kept in reserve.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... 4/BDK-14(1).jpg

General characteristics Displacement: 2,200 tons standard
4,360 tons full load Length: 113 m Beam: 15 m Draught: 3.7 m Propulsion: 2 diesel turbines; 2 propellers, 19,200 hp Speed: 18 knots (33 km/h) Range: 6,100 nm at 18 knots (33 km/h) Complement: 98 Armament:
Strela 2(SA-N-5) surface-to-air missile system(4 launchers)
30 mm AK-630 air defence gun(2 six-barreled gatling mounts)
76 mm AK-176 DP (1)
122 mm UMS-73 Grad multiple rocket launcher(2)


Soviet aircraft carrier Varyag

Varyag was to be an Admiral Kuznetsov class multirole aircraft carrier. She was known as Riga[2] when her keel was laid down at Nikolayev South (formerly Shipyard 444) in Nikolayev December 6, 1985,[3] and she was launched December 4, 1988, but she was renamed Varyag (Varangian) in late 1990, after the famous Russian cruiser.
Construction stopped by 1992 with the ship structurally complete but without electronics. Ownership was transferred to Ukraine as the Soviet Union broke up and the ship was laid up unmaintained, then stripped. In early 1998, she lacked engines, a rudder, and much of her operating systems. She was put up for auction.
Currently the ship is being examined and repaired by China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) after purchasing it at auction[4]. It was widely reported that the ship would become a casino in the Chinese SAR of Macau. This has been proven incorrect as the ship is in a drydock in Dalian and painted PLAN grey. News reports state that the ship is being refitted to be returned to operational status[1][5].

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ryag01.jpg

While designated an aircraft carrier by the West, the design of the Admiral Kuznetsov class implies a mission different from that of either the United States Navy’s carriers or those of the French Navy. The term used by her builders to describe the Russian ships is tyazholiy avianesushchiy kreyser (TAKR or TAVKR)—“heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser”—intended to support and defend strategic missile-carrying submarines, surface ships, and maritime missile-carrying aircraft of the Russian fleet. This designation allows the Soviet/Ukrainian Navy to circumvent the refusal by Turkey to let aircraft carriers pass the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Fixed-wing aircraft on Admiral Kuznetsovs are essentially constrained to air superiority operations. Were Varyag to become operational, it would have also carried out anti-submarine warfare (ASW) operations, and carried anti-ship missiles.


General characteristics

Class and type: Admiral Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier Displacement: 33,000 t (32,000 long tons) currently
53,000 to 55,000 t (52,000 to 54,000 long tons) standard
66,000 to 67,500 t (65,000 to 66,000 long tons) full load Length: 1,000 ft (300 m) o/a
900 ft (270 m) w/l Beam: 240 ft (73 m) o/a
125 ft (38 m) w/l Draft: 36 ft (11 m) Propulsion: Currently no engines are installed
As designed:
Steam turbines, 8 boilers, 4 shafts, 200,000 hp (150 MW)
2 × 50,000 hp (37 MW) turbines
9 × 2,011 hp (1,500 kW) turbogenerators
6 × 2,011 hp (1,500 kW) diesel generators
4 × fixed pitch propellers Speed: 32 knots (37 mph; 59 km/h) Range: 3,850 nmi (7,130 km) at 32 kn (37 mph; 59 km/h) Endurance: 45 days Complement: 1,960 crew
626 air group
40 flag staff
3,857 rooms Armament:
Speculated HQ-9 long-range air defense missile, YJ-91

As designed:
• 8 × AK-630 AA guns (6×30 mm, 6,000 round/min/mount, 24,000 rounds)
• 8 × CADS-N-1 Kashtan CIWS (each 2 × 30 mm Gatling AA plus 16 3K87 Kortik SAM)
• 12 × P-700 Granit SSM
• 18 × 8-cell 3K95 Kinzhal SAM VLS (192 vertical launch missiles; 1 missile per 3 seconds)
• RBU-12000 UDAV-1 ASW rocket launchers (60 rockets) Aircraft carried: speculated Su-33‘Flanker-D’, 2-seated J-10 fighter carrier edition
As designed:
× 26 fixed wing aircraft
× 24 helicopters

Vikrant class aircraft carrier


The Vikrant class aircraft carrier ("Indigenous Aircraft Carrier" (IAC) (formerly the "Air Defence Ship" (ADS)) project) is the first aircraft carrier to be built by India at the Cochin Shipyard. This will be the largest and broadest warship ever built by Cochin Shipyard. The Cochin shipyard plans to complete eighty percent of works on the ship before its launch in 2010.[1] The aircraft carrier is expected to enter service by 2012.[2] but was delayed by a year due to non-availability of AB/A grade steel from Russia. This led to the indigenous sourcing of the steel.[3] The early warning sensors and anti-aircraft missile capability of the first aircraft carrier is similar to that of the Kolkata class destroyers. The shipyard expects the Navy to place an order for a second indigenous aircraft carrier by the end of the year, and work will begin by early next year.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/e ... arrier.JPG

General characteristics

ype: Aircraft Carrier Displacement: 40,000 tonnes Length: 260 metres (853ft) Beam: 60 metres (197ft) Draught: 8.4 metres (28ft) Propulsion: General Electric LM2500+ gas turbines, driving four shafts. Speed: 28 knots Range: 7,500 miles at 18 knots Complement: approximately 1,400 Aircraft carried: 30 aircraft
MiG-29K
HAL Tejas
Includes 10 helicopters
HAL Dhruv
Ka-31 'Helix'




Future French aircraft carrier


PA2 (Porte-Avions 2) is a planned new aircraft carrier developed for the French Navy by Thales Naval France and DCNS from the Thales UK/BMT design for the future British Queen Elizabeth class (formerly CVF). The vessel will displace approximately 70–75,000 tonnes, making it a potential supercarrier, will be based in Toulon, Var, France, and will complement the current French carrier, Charles de Gaulle. France's 2008 military budget included ordering that second aircraft carrier.[2] However, in April 2008 French Defence Minister Herve Morin cast doubt over plans for a second aircraft carrier, citing a cash crunch and the fact rising oil prices put the question of the propulsion back on table, and said a decision would be taken soon.[3] Further doubts were cast on the project on 21 June 2008 when French President Nicolas Sarkozy decided to pull out of the Franco-British project. Sarkozy stated that a final decision on the future of French participation in the Project would be taken in 2011 or 2012. British plans for two aircraft carriers went ahead as planned despite the French withdrawal.[4] On February 03, 2009, the French government ordered studies about another architecture and design raising even more doubt on the future of the current Franco-British design. The option of nuclear propulsion is back on table and would require a completely different design. The option of pods, as used on the Mistral class ships, is also being considered.[5]



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ff/PA2.svg

General characteristics Type: Unique aircraft carrier Displacement: est. 70–75,000 tons full load[1] Length: 283 m overall Beam: 73 m overall Draft: 11.5 m Propulsion: Two RR MT-30 Gas turbine
4 diesel-electric
two shafts Speed: 26 knots (48 km/h) Range: 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h) Complement: Ship's Company: 1,000
Air Wing: 650 Sensors and
processing systems: Héracles air search and target acquisition radar Armament: two 8 cell SYLVER launchers carrying the MBDA Aster 15 surface to air missile.
Giat 20F2 20 mm cannons. Aircraft carried: 48 aircraft, including:
*32 Rafale
*3 E-2C Hawkeyes
*5 NH-90 helicopters.










The French carrier would be built by an alliance of Thales and DCN from their proposed design: a 283 m long, 75,000 tonnes variant of the CVF. While the UK in-service dates of 2014 and 2016 for their two carriers have been announced, the construction timetable for the French ship has not been disclosed. Charles de Gaulle will require refit and refuelling of her nuclear reactors around 2015.[8]
The UK has chosen to continue to use STOVL aircraft for its new carrier; however, the choice of an adaptable design which could be reconfigured for future CATOBAR operation means that the design meets the French Navy requirements. The French version is designed to operate the Dassault Rafale, the E-2C Hawkeye and the NH-90. It is a CATOBAR design, using catapult of the same models as those installed on the Nimitz class supercarriers: C13-2 steam catapults, 90m long. The vessels are expected to be capable of carrying over 32 Rafales, three Hawkeyes and five NH-90s support/anti-submarine helicopters. The crew will be about 1650, instead of 1950 in the Charles de Gaulle, indicating the high level of automation integrated into the ships' systems.
Island
The ship will have two islands: one devoted to ship navigation, and the other to air operations. This allows optimal placement of bridges for both tasks: navigation calls for a bridge placed forward (as on the Charles De Gaulle), while air operations are made easier with a bridge placed abaft (as seen on the US Nimitz class).
Propulsion
Because the design had to meet the Royal Navy's requirements, nuclear propulsion was not an option: the British government rejected nuclear propulsion as too costly. The idea of renouncing nuclear propulsion in this way has been alleged to be a backward step for French technology, but the operational and political gains from a common design apparently outweighed the downsides of conventional propulsion.
The carrier's propulsion system, in its current form, is expected to be integrated full electric propulsion (IFEP) based on two Rolls-Royce MT30 gas turbines. The optimum location for the position of the main propulsion system is being examined to maximise the hangar space below the decks. The expected range of the carrier will be 10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km).






Charles de Gaulle (R 91)



Charles de Gaulle (R91) is the only serving French aircraft carrier and is the flagship of the French Navy (Marine Nationale). She is the tenth French aircraft carrier, the first French nuclear-powered surface vessel, and the first and only nuclear-powered carrier built outside of the United States Navy. She is named after French statesman and general Charles de Gaulle.
The ship carries a complement of Dassault Rafale M and E-2C Hawkeye aircraft, as well as modern electronics and Aster missiles. She is the second largest European carrier, after the Admiral Kuznetsov. It is a CATOBAR-type carrier that uses a shorter version of the catapult system as that installed on the US Nimitz class carriers, the 75 m C13-3 steam catapult.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... aule96.jpg


General characteristics

lass and type: Unique aircraft carrier Displacement: 38,000 tons empty
42,000 tons full load Length: 261.5 metres (858 ft) overall Beam: 64.36 metres (211.2 ft) overall Draught: 9.43 metres (30.9 ft) Propulsion: 2 × K15 pressurised water reactors (PWR), 150 MW each
4 × diesel-electric
2 × shafts Speed: 27 knots (50 km/h) Range: Essentially unlimited Endurance: 45 days of food Capacity: 800 commandos, 500 tonnes of ammunitions Complement: Ship's company: 1,350
Air wing: 600 Sensors and
processing systems: DRBJ 11 B tridimensional air search radar
DRBV 26D air search radar
DRBV 15C low altitude air search radar
Arabel target acquisition radar Electronic warfare
and decoys: ARBR 21 Detector
ARBB 33 Countermeasures suite
ARBG2 MAIGRET Interceptor
4 × Sagaie decoys launcher
SLAT (Système de lutte anti-torpille) torpedo countermeasures Armament: 4 × 8 cell SYLVER launchers carrying the MBDA Aster 15 surface to air missile.
2 × 6 cell Sadral launchers carrying Mistral short range missiles
8 × Giat 20F2 20 mm cannons. Aircraft carried: 40 aircraft, including
*Rafale
*Super Étendard
*E-2C Hawkeye
*SA365 Dauphin helicopters

Vikrant class aircraft carrier


The Vikrant class aircraft carrier ("Indigenous Aircraft Carrier" (IAC) (formerly the "Air Defence Ship" (ADS)) project) is the first aircraft carrier to be built by India at the Cochin Shipyard. This will be the largest and broadest warship ever built by Cochin Shipyard. The Cochin shipyard plans to complete eighty percent of works on the ship before its launch in 2010.[1] The aircraft carrier is expected to enter service by 2012.[2] but was delayed by a year due to non-availability of AB/A grade steel from Russia. This led to the indigenous sourcing of the steel.[3] The early warning sensors and anti-aircraft missile capability of the first aircraft carrier is similar to that of the Kolkata class destroyers. The shipyard expects the Navy to place an order for a second indigenous aircraft carrier by the end of the year, and work will begin by early next year.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/e ... arrier.JPG



General characteristics

Type: Aircraft Carrier Displacement: 40,000 tonnes Length: 260 metres (853ft) Beam: 60 metres (197ft) Draught: 8.4 metres (28ft) Propulsion: General Electric LM2500+ gas turbines, driving four shafts. Speed: 28 knots Range: 7,500 miles at 18 knots Complement: approximately 1,400 Aircraft carried: 30 aircraft
MiG-29K
HAL Tejas
Includes 10 helicopters
HAL Dhruv
Ka-31 'Helix'

Kamov Ka-27




The Kamov Ka-27 (NATO reporting name 'Helix') is a military helicopter developed for the Soviet Navy, and currently in service in Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, South Korea, China and India. Variants include the Ka-29 assault transport, the Ka-28 downgraded export version, and the Ka-32 for civilian use.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... -27SP.JPEG

The helicopter was developed for ferrying and anti-submarine warfare. Design work began in 1970 and the first prototype flew in 1973. It was intended to replace the decade-old Kamov Ka-25, and is similar in appearance to its predecessor due to the requirements of fitting in the same hangar space. Like other Kamov military helicopters it has a co-axial rotor, removing the need for a tail rotor.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... _Ka-27.png
General characteristics
• Crew: 1-3, plus 2-3 specialists
• Length: 11.30 m (37 ft 1 in)
• Rotor diameter: 15.80 m (51 ft 10 in)
• Height: 5.50 m (18 ft 1 in)
• Empty weight: 6,500 kg (14,300 lb)
• Loaded weight: 11,000 kg (24,200 lb)
• Useful load: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 12,000 kg (26,400 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Isotov turboshaft engines, 1,660 kW (2,225 shp) each
Performance
• Maximum speed: 270 km/h (145 knots, 166 mph)
• Cruise speed: 205 km/h (110 knots, 126 mph)
• Range: 980 km (530 nm, 605 mi)
• Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,400 ft)
Armament
Ka-27
• 1 × torpedoes (AT-1M, VTT-1, UMGT-1 Orlan, APR-2 Yastreb) or 36 RGB-NM & RGB-NM-1 sonobouys
Ka-29TB
• 1 × mobile forward firing GShG-7.62 minigun with 1800 rounds,
• 1 × 30 mm 2A42 cannon with 250 rounds (flexible semi-rigid mount, optional/removable with ammunition carried in cabin)
• four external hardpoints for bombs, rockets, gunpods, munitions dispensers, special four round missile launchers for the 9K114 Shturm
• contrary to some reports the internal weapons is not retained and is replaced by an armoured passenger compartment for up to sixteen troops
Avionics
• Radar, MAD or dipping sonar, sonobuoys



Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo (A12)


NAe[2] São Paulo (A12) is a Clemenceau class aircraft carrier of the Brazilian Navy, formerly the French Foch. It was built in 1957 and was purchased from France in 2000

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... arrier.jpg

General characteristics
Class and type: Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier Displacement: 24,200 tonnes
32,800 tonnes (full load) Length: 265 metres (870 ft) Beam: 31.7 metres (104 ft) Draught: 8.60 metres (28.2 ft) Propulsion: 6 Indret boilers, 4 steam turbines producing 126,000 hp, 2 propellers Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h) Range: 7,500 nautical miles (13,900 km) at 18 knots Complement: 1,338 men (1,920 including the air group). 984 men if only helicopters are carried. Electronic warfare
and decoys:
DRBV-23B air sentry radar
DRBV-50 low-altitude or surface sentry radar (later replaced by a DRBV-15)
NRBA-50 approach radar
DRBI-10 tri-dimensional air sentry radar
several DRBC-31 fire radar (later DRBC-32C)
DRBN-34 navigation radars
Armament: four 100 mm turrets, two SACP Crotale EDIR systems, five 12.7 mm machine guns, 4 dual Simbad launchers Aircraft carried: about 40 aircraft, a mixture of A-4KU Skyhawks, AS 532 SC Cougars, HB 350 & HB.355 Ecureuils, and SH-3 Sea Kings
French 100 mm naval gun

Modern French 100 mm naval guns are multipurpose artillery pieces (anti-air, anti-ship, ground), capable of a high rate of fire. Most modern French warships are equipped with one of its versions.


Effective range 17,000 m (elevation 40°)
Maximum practical range:
• 6,000 m against aerial targets
• 12,000 m against surface targets


Foch (R 99)

Foch (R 99) was the second Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier of the French Navy. She was the second warship named in honor of Marshal Ferdinand Foch, after a heavy cruiser commissioned in 1932, and scuttled in Toulon on 27 November 1942.
After a 37-year career in the French Navy, on 15 November 2000, she was sold to the Brazilian Navy, and renamed NAe São Paulo. In the French Navy, she was succeeded by the Charles de Gaulle (R 91).

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... _%2792.jpg
In 1977 F-8 Crusaders from 14.F squadron on the Foch participated in the Saphir missions over Djibouti. On 7 May 1977, two Crusaders went separately on patrol against supposedly French Air Force (4/11 Jura squadron) F-100 Super Sabres stationed at Djibouti. The leader intercepted two fighters and engaged a dogfight (supposed to be a training exercise), but quickly called his wingman for help as he had actually engaged two Yemeni MiG-21 Fishbeds. The two French fighters switched their master armament to "on" but, ultimately, everyone returned to their bases. This was the only combat interception by French Crusaders.
In 1983-1984, the ship was sent to Lebanon for combat operations during the civil war with an air wing consisting of six F-8 Crusaders, fifteen Super-Etendards, three Etendard IVPs, five Br 1050 Alizés and six SA-321G Super-Frelons. [1] She would rotate with the Clemenceau providing constant on station air support to French peacekeepers.
In October 1984, France sent the Foch for operation Mirmillon off the coast of Libya,in response to tension in the Gulf of Sidra.[2]
She was involved in Yugoslavian War between July and August 1993, February, March 1994, February, from May to July 1994 in support of UN operations.[2]
General characteristicsClass and type: Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier Displacement: 24,200 t (23,818 long tons) standard
32,800 t (32,282 long tons) full load Length: 265 m (869 ft 5 in) Beam: 51.2 m (168 ft 0 in) Draught: 8.6 m (28 ft 3 in) Propulsion: 6 × Indret boilers
4 × steam turbines 126,000 hp (94 MW)
2 shafts Speed: 32 knots (37 mph; 59 km/h) Range: 7,500 nmi (13,900 km) at 18 kn (21 mph; 33 km/h) Complement: 1,338 men, including 64 officers (1,920 men including the air group. 984 men if only helicopters are carried.) Sensors and
processing systems: • 1 × DRBV-23B air search radar
• 1 × DRBV-50 low-altitude or surface search radar (later replaced by a DRBV-15)
• 1 × NRBA-50 approach radar
• 1 × DRBI-10 tri-dimensional air search radar
• Several DRBC-31 fire-control radar (later DRBC-32C)
• DRBN-34 navigation radars Armament: • 8 × 100 mm turrets (originally) ; in the 90s, 4 are replaced by 2 × SACP Crotale EDIR systems, with 52 missiles
• 5 × 12.7 mm machine guns Aircraft carried: About 40 aircraft:
• 15 × Super Étendard
• 4 × Étendard IVP
• 10 × F-8E (FN) Crusader
• 6 × Alizé
• 2 × Dauphin Pedro helicopters
• 2 × Super Frelon helicopters
Crotale missile


The Crotale EDIR (Ecartométrie Différentielle InfraRouge, "InfraRed Differential Ecartometry") is an all-weather short-range anti-air missile, which can be used to intercept low-flight anti-ship missiles and aircraft. It has been developed by Thomson CSF Matra and exists in two versions, a mobile land-based version and a ship-launched one.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... 220851.jpg

Originally the Crotale R440 system was developed by Thomson-Houston (and Mistral) in France for South Africa, where it got the name Cactus. However, the achievements of the system impressed the French Armed Forces, who purchased the system both for the air force and for the navy.
The firing system includes the main sensors of the ship, the firing system of the turret, and a central coordination system. The turret holds eight missiles ready for launch in watertight containers. The magazine behind the turret holds 18 missiles.
The French army first utilised a 4x4 wheeled, armed with four launchers. In order to ensure a higher mobility, it was decided to mount the system on the chassis of the French AMX-30 main battle tank. At the same time, the number of launchers were increased to six. In Finnish Army service, the Crotale NG system has been mounted on Sisu Pasi vehicles. Here the numbers of launchers is eight.
The Crotale system has also been installed on various military ships. For instance the French Navy La Fayette class frigates have a Crotale 8-tubed launcher near the helicopter flight deck.


Specifications Weight 84 kg Length 2.89 m Diameter 0.15 m
________________________________________
Detonation
mechanism infrared fuse
________________________________________
Engine solid-propellant fuel
Wingspan 0.54 m Flight ceiling 5,500 m Speed 750 m/s Guidance
system Command Control Launch
platform Ship, armour

A modernised version, the Crotale NG (New Generation) entered production in 1990. This version uses the new VT-1 hypervelocity missile with Mach 3.5 speed, load factor to 35G, 15 km range, 13 kg warhead (8m kill-zone) and 6,000+ m ceiling. The system includes a S-band Pulse Doppler radar (20 km), Ku-band TWT tracking radar (30 km), Thermal camera (19 km), Daylight CCD camera (15 km), and an IR localiser. [1]
In 1999 the South Korean Army placed an order for 48 Crotale NG systems for $330 million USD, to be fitted to the Chunma (Pegasus) K-SAM (Korean SAM) short range air defence system. [2] The Chunma combines the Crotale NG system on a tracked armoured chassis that resembles the K200 APC [3]. In 2003 a second batch of 66 was ordered, valued at $470 million usd


Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov


Admiral Flota Sovetskovo Soyuza Kuznetsov (Russian: Адмирал флота Советского Союза Кузнецов, (originally named Riga, renamed Leonid Brezhnev then Tbilisi[1]) is an aircraft carrier (heavy aircraft carrying cruiser (TAVKR) in Russian classification) serving as the flagship of the Russian Navy. She was originally commissioned in the Soviet Navy, and was intended to be the lead ship of her class, but the only other ship of her class, Varyag, has never been commissioned and was sold to the People's Republic of China by Ukraine under the condition she would never be refitted for combat.[2] Kuznetsov was named after the Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... snzov2.jpg

General characteristics
Class and type: Admiral Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier Displacement: 65,000 tons full load Length: 1,005.5 ft (306.5 m) o/a
900 ft (270 m) w/l Beam: 237.2 ft (72.3 m) o/a
125 ft (38 m) w/l Draft: 29.9 ft (9.1 m) Propulsion: Steam turbines, 8 turbo-pressurised boilers, 4 shafts, 200,000 hp (150 MW)
2 × 50,000 hp (37 MW) turbines
9 × 2,011 hp (1,500 kW) turbogenerators
6 × 2,011 hp (1,500 kW) diesel generators
4 × fixed pitch propellers Speed: 32 knots (37 mph; 59 km/h) Range: 3,850 nmi (7,130 km) at 32 kn (37 mph; 59 km/h) Endurance: 45 days Complement: 1,993 (total); 1,960 ship's crew
626 air group
40 flag staff
3,857 rooms Armament: • 8 × AK-630 AA guns (6×30 mm, 6,000 round/min/mount, 24,000 rounds)
• 8 × CADS-N-1 Kashtan CIWS (each 2 × 30 mm Gatling AA plus 16 3K87 Kortik SAM)
• 12 × P-700 Granit SSM
• 18 × 8-cell 3K95 Kinzhal SAM VLS (192 missiles; 1 missile per 3 seconds)
• RBU-12000 UDAV-1 ASW rocket launchers (60 rockets) Aircraft carried: 12-15 × Sukhoi Su-33 fighters
5 × Sukhoi Su-25UTG/UBP aircraft
4 × Kamov Ka-27LD32 helicopters
18 × Kamov Ka-27PLO helicopters
2 × Kamov Ka-27S helicopters

AK-630


he AK-630 is a Soviet fully automatic naval six-barreled 30 mm Gatling gun. It is mounted in an enclosed automatic turret and directed by radar and television detection and tracking. The system's primary purpose is defense against anti-ship missiles and other precision guided weapons. However it can also be employed against fixed/rotary wing aircraft, ships and other small craft, coastal targets, and floating mines. The AK-630 was one of the first ever CIWS systems; when it was developed, there were no Phalanx, DARDO or Goalkeeper systems, however, the long development time of the AK-630 partially negated this advantage. Once made operational, this weapon system was rapidly adopted; up to 8 units installed in every new Soviet warship (from mine-hunters to aircraft carriers), with hundreds produced in total. Only the Phalanx was produced in greater numbers, however, Phalanx was not adopted nearly as swiftly: in 1984 there were 220 systems in the USN, with another 150 ordered, with 52 more sold to other countries[1].
It can be described as the Soviet counterpart to the United States Phalanx CIWS.


The complete weapon system is called A-213-Vympel-A, which comprises the AK-630M Gun Mount, MR-123-02 Fire Control Radar System, and SP-521 Electrical-Optical Tracker. A single MP-123 radar system can simultaneously control two guns, either two 30 mm gun mounts, or two 57 mm gun mounts, or one 30 mm gun and one 57 mm gun. The radar system can engage aerial and surface targets at 4 km and 5 km respectively. The electro-optical system can detect MiG-21 sized aerial target 7 km away while torpedo boat sized surface targets can be detected at 70 km away. Features include surveillance and tracking modes, high jamming immunity, laser range finder and TV optical sight. It is in operation on almost all Russian Navy ships from fast attack boats to the Kirov Battlecruiser.
The gun mount is fully automated, however it can be remotely controlled by an operator from either the control console or via a remotely mounted gunsight. It has a higher firing rate than both the Goalkeeper and Phalanx (Block 1 and older) CIWS systems. Combined with the fact that they are often mounted in pairs, with as many as 4 pairs mounted on the larger ships, providing Russian ships with an effective point defence system. However like all Gatling gun-based CIWS they suffer from short engagement times and the need for multiple volleys to effectively eradicate a threat.



Admiral Flota Sovetskovo Soyuza Kuznetsov, constructed at Nikolayev South Shipyard in Nikolayev, Ukrainian SSR, was launched in 1985, and became fully operational in 1995. An official ceremony marking the start of construction took place on September 1, 1982; in fact she was laid down in 1983. The vessel was first named Riga, but in November 1982 the name was changed to Leonid Brezhnev, in August 1987 to Tbilisi, and finally on October 4, 1990 to Admiral Flota Sovetskovo Soyuza Kuznetsov, referred to in short as Admiral Kuznetsov. The ship was 71% complete by mid-1989. In November 1989 she undertook her first aircraft operation trials. In December 1991, she sailed from the Black Sea to join the Northern Fleet. Only from 1993 on did she receive aircraft.
Kuznetsov made a brief Mediterranean training cruise early in 1996, marking the 300th anniversary of the Russian Navy. During that period the carrier laid at anchor in the Syrian harbor of Tartus[6] and its fighter aircraft, mainly Su-33 fighters made flights close to the Israeli shore line, intercepted by Israeli F-16's.[6] At the end of 1997 she remained immobilized in a Northern Fleet shipyard, awaiting funding for major repairs, which were halted when they were only 20% complete. The overhaul was completed in July 1998, and the ship returned to active service in the Northern fleet on November 3, 1998. The Kuznetsov apparently remained in port for about two years before participating in operations related to the rescue and salvage of the Kursk submarine in late 2000. Plans for further operations were postponed or cancelled. In late 2003 and early 2004, the Kuznetsov went to sea for inspection and trials. In late October 2004, she participated in a fleet exercise of the Russian navy in the Atlantic Ocean,[7] and again in September 2005. During the 2005 exercise, one of her Su-33 fighters was involved in an accident, and fell from the carrier into the Atlantic Ocean.
Although financial and technical problems have resulted in limited operations for the ship,[8] it is expected that Admiral Kuznetsov will remain in active duty until at least 2030.[9]
On September 27, 2006 it was announced that Admiral Kuznetsov will return to the Northern Fleet by the end of the year. The ship will undergo another modernization refit, in an attempt to correct some of its many technical issues. Admiral Vladimir Masorin, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, also stated that several Su-33 fighters assigned to the aircraft carrier would return to the ship after undergoing maintenance and refits of their own.
On December 11, 2007, Admiral Kuznetsov unexpectedly passed by Norwegian oil platforms in the North Sea, 60 nautical miles (110 km) outside Bergen, Norway.[10] Su-33 fighters and Kamov helicopters were launched from the carrier while it was on manoeuvres in the area of the rigs. The incident caused the Norwegian helicopter service to stop its flights out to the rigs, due to a risk of collision with Russian aircraft operating from the carrier. The Russian carrier was in international waters during the manoeuvres.
The Admiral Kuznetsov then proceeded to the Mediterranean Sea, where it participated in an exercise together with 11 other Russian Navy surface ships and 47 aircraft. It performed 3 tactical training missions, using live and simulated missile launches with both air and surface missiles. [11]
The aircraft carrier arrived back in Severomorsk on February 3, 2008 along with Udaloy Class anti-submarine destroyers Admiral Chabanenko and Admiral Levchenko.
After a maintenance period she was back at sea on October 11, 2008 where drills were held in the Barents Sea. Russian President and Supreme Commander in Chief Dmitriy Medvedev visited the ship on October 12, 2008 during the Stability-2008 strategic exercises.
On December 5, 2008 the aircraft carrier and several other vessels left Severomorsk heading for the Atlantic on a tour which was announced would be lasting several months and which would include combat training including joint drills with Russia's Black Sea Fleet and visits to several ports in the Mediterranean.[12][13] On this tour while the Admiral Kuznetsov anchored off Turkey on January 7, 2009 a small fire broke out on the ship. One crewmember was killed by carbon monoxide poisoning. The fire was caused by a short-circuit.[14] According to the International Institute for Strategic Studies the Admiral Kuznetsov is routinely followed by two tugs in case of breakdown.[15]
On February 16, 2009, the Admiral Kuznetsov, along with other Russian naval vessels was involved in a large oil spill while it refueled off the south coast of Ireland. [16]


Admiral Kuznetsov class aircraft carrier

he Admiral Kuznetsov class aircraft carriers (also known as Project 1143.5, the Brezhnev class, or the Kreml class[1]) has only one functional unit, Admiral Kuznetsov. The only other ship in her class, Varyag, was never commissioned and was sold to China.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ov.jpg.jpg
While designated an aircraft carrier by the West, the design of the Admiral Kuznetsov class implies a mission different from that of either the United States Navy’s carriers or those of the French Navy. The term used by her builders to describe the Russian ships is tyazholiy avianesushchiy kreyser (TAKR or TAVKR) - “heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser” - intended to support and defend strategic missile-carrying submarines, surface ships, and maritime missile-carrying aircraft of the Russian fleet. This designation allows the Soviet/Russian Navy to circumvent the refusal by Turkey to let aircraft carriers pass the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Fixed-wing aircraft on Admiral Kuznetsov are essentially constrained to air superiority operations. The carrier also carries numerous helicopters for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) operations, as well as anti-ship missiles.

he hull design derived from the 1982 Kiev Class,[2], but is larger. The flight deck, with an area of 14,700 m², is of a conventional angled-deck configuration, but fitted with a 12° ski jump instead of bow catapults, resulting in a configuration similar to the current British Invincible class carriers.[citation needed] The shape of the deck is loosely similar to the US ships' counterparts. Admiral Kuznetsov has a STOBAR configuration; the flight deck is equipped with arrester wires but has no catapults. Without catapults, Admiral Kuznetsov cannot launch strike aircraft with heavy loads. Su-33 fighters with maximum payload can take off through the landing deck. Two starboard aircraft elevators, ahead and abaft the island, carry aircraft back and forth between the hangar deck and the flight deck.

n the original project specifications, the ship could carry up to 26 fixed-wing aircraft, and up to 24 helicopters.
At presently configured, the ship can support twelve Su-33 'Flanker-D' and five Su-25UTG 'Frogfoot' fixed-wing aircraft [3].
The ship carries a wing of 24 Ka-27/Ka-29 helicopters: 18 Ka-27-PL 'Helix-A' ASW type, four Ka-29-RLD AEW type, and two Ka-27PS 'Helix-D' (SAR type).
Armament
Unlike Western aircraft carriers which carry little organic armament, Admiral Kuznetsov has twelve launchers for SS-N-19 Shipwreck anti-ship surface-to-surface missiles. This surface-to-surface armament is required because the ship's air strike power is limited by the lack of catapults.
For long-range air defense, the ship carries 24 vertical launchers for SA-N-9 "Gauntlet" surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) with 192 missiles,
For close-range air defense, the ship carries eight Kashtan Close-in weapon system (CIWS) mounts. Each mount has two launchers for SA-N-11 SAMs, twin GSh-30 30mm rotary cannons, and a radar/optronic director. The ship also carries six AK-630 30mm rotary cannons in single mounts.
For defense against underwater attack, the ship carries the UDAV-1 ASW rocket launcher.


The ship has D/E band air and surface target acquisition radar, F band surface search radar, G/H band flight control radar, I band navigation radar, and four K band fire-control radars for the Kashtan CIWS.
The ship has hull-mounted medium- and low-frequency search and attack sonar. The ASW helicopters have surface search radar, dipping sonar, sonobuoys, and magnetic anomaly detectors.

nitially Western analysts anticipated that Admiral Kuznetsov would have a Combined Nuclear And Steam (CONAS) propulsion plant similar to the Kirov class battlecruisers and the SSV-33 command ship. However, Admiral Kuznetsov as completed was conventionally powered by eight gas-fired boilers and four steam turbines, each producing 50,000 hp (37 MW), driving four shafts with fixed-pitch propellers. Her maximum speed is 29 knots (54 km/h), and her range at maximum speed is 3,800 miles (6,100 km). At 18 knots (33 km/h), her maximum range is 8,500 miles (13,700 km).
Specifications
• Designer: Nevskoye Planning and Design Bureau
• Builder: Nikolayev South
• Displacement: 43 000 t light, 53 000-55 000 t standard, 66 600-67 500 t full load
• Length: 300 m (984 ft) overall, 270 m (886 ft) at waterline
• Beam: 73 m (240 ft) overall, 38 m (125 ft) waterline
• Draft: 11 m (36 ft)
• Armament:
o 12 × SS-N-19 'Shipwreck' SSM launchers
o 24 x SA-N-9 'Gauntlet' SAM launchers with 8 missiles each
o 8 x Kashtan air defense modules, each with
 2 x SA-N-11 'Grison' SAM launchers with 4 missiles each
 CADS-1 CIWS (2 × GSh-30 30mm rotary cannon)
o 6 x AK-630 30mm rotary cannon, 6,000 round/min/mount, 24,000 rounds
o 2 x RBU-12000 UDAV-1 antisubmarine rocket launchers (60 rockets)
• Aircraft:
o 12 Su-33
o 5 Su-25
o 4 Ka-27LD
o 18 Ka-27PLO
o 2 Ka-27S
• Propulsion: Steam turbines, 8 boilers, 4 shafts, 200,000 hp (149 MW)
o 2 × 50,000 hp (37 MW) turbines
o 8 boilers
o 4 fixed pitch props
o 9 × 1500 kW turbogenerators
o 6 × 1500 kW diesel generators
• Range: 3850 nautical miles (7 100 km) at 32 knot (59 km/h); endurance: 45 days
• Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h)
• Complement: 1960 + 626 air group + 40 flag, 3857 rooms

Principe de Asturias (R11)



The Príncipe de Asturias (R11) is an aircraft carrier, the flagship of the Spanish Navy and the second largest vessel in the fleet. She was built in Bazan's Shipyards and delivered to the Spanish Navy on 30 May 1988.
Spain has operated aircraft carriers since the 1920s, initially with the seaplane tender SPS Dédalo (1922) and later the multi-role light carrier SPS Dédalo, which was formerly the US Navy's World War II light carrier USS Cabot. The SPS Dédalo has been replaced as the navy's fleet flagship by the Principe de Asturias.
The ship is permanently assigned to the Alpha Group, comprising the carrier and six Santa Maria-class frigates (a Spanish version of the USN Oliver Hazard Perry FFGs). Other vessels such as logistic ships, tankers and corvettes are frequently assigned to the Group when required. Principe de Asturias and the Alpha Group have participated in peace support operations in the Adriatic Sea.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... urias_(R11)_during_Dragon_Hammer_92.jpg

The design is basically that of the initial US Navy's Sea Control Ship design of the 1970s, modified to enable V/STOL aircraft to be carried. Constructed by the National Company Bazan (then Empresa Nacional Bazán, now Navantia) in their shipyard at Ferrol, Principe de Asturias was delivered to the Navy on 30 May 1988. The construction process had begun eleven years previously, on 29 May 1977. The processing of the steel began on 1 March 1978 and the keel was laid on 8 October 1979. On 22 May 1982, in a ceremony presided over by Juan Carlos I of Spain, the launch took place, with Queen Sofía of Spain as the ship's godmother. The ship made her first sea trials in November 1987.
The Thai warship HTMS Chakri Naruebet, delivered in 1997, is based on the Spanish ship's design.




General characteristics

Displacement: 15,912 tons standard,
16,700 tons loaded Length: 195.9 metres (643 ft) Beam: 24.3 metres (80 ft) Draught: 9.4 metres (31 ft) Propulsion: 2 × General Electric LM2500+ gas turbines in COGAG configuration, one shaft, 46,400 shp Speed: 26 knots (48 km/h) Range: 6,500 nautical miles (12,000 km) at 20 knots (37 km/h) Complement: 763 (total); 600 ship crew, 230 air crew Sensors and
processing systems: Raytheon SPS-52C/D 3D air search radar, ISC Cardion SPS-55 surface search radar, ITT SPN-35A aircraft control radar, FABA SPG-M2B fire control radar, SELEX Sistemi Integrati RTN-11L/X missile approach warning radar, Selex RAN 12 L target designation radar Electronic warfare
and decoys: Nettunel electronic countermeasures unit, Super RBOC, Sensytech AN/SLQ-25 Nixie decoy Armament: 4 x FABA Meroka Mod 2B CIWS, 12 × Oerlikon L120 20 mm guns Aircraft carried: 29 fixed wing and rotary wing aircraft Aviation facilities: 12° ski jump 46.5 m in lengt

Armament
The self-defense armament includes four close defense Meroka systems and six chaff decoy launchers. For offensive weapons, the ship relies on the capabilities of her embarked aircraft. For anti-submarine defense, she relies upon the detection capacity and attacks of her ASW helicopters.
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

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List of A.U.L Navy equipment FROM AROUND THE WORLD part 3
HTMS Chakri Naruebet


The Chakri Naruebet (Thai จักรีนฤเบศร) is Thailand's first and only aircraft carrier.
It is based on the Spanish carrier Principe de Asturias and was built in Ferrol, Spain, by Spanish shipbuilders Izar (EN Bazan) between 1994-1996. It was delivered to Thailand in 1997. The ship is largely inactive due to a shortage of funds after the Asian financial crisis. However the ship has participated in training, and in disaster relief after the 2004 tsunami. The carrier's main role is Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surveillance and search and rescue.
It is the smallest serving aircraft carrier in the world.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... _2001.JPEG

When typhoon Gay hit Thailand in 1989, the Royal Thai Navy, as the main unit responsible for search and rescue missions found that its ships and aircraft were unable to withstand the rough weather at sea. Moreover, the Royal Thai Navy needed a new, high-technology ship to modernize its fleet.
To achieve this goal, Royal Thai Navy selected (EN Bazan - Ferrol), a Spanish company, to build a helicopter carrier with a budget of seven billion baht ($175 million).
The name "Chakri Naruebet" was given by King Bhumibol Adulyadej. It means "the sovereign of the Chakri Dynasty."
The first generation AV-8S Harrier group supplied with Chakri Naruebet is over thirty years old and spare parts are becoming very difficult to find so in recent years they have rarely been deployed. [1] Main anti-aircraft missile systems were never installed and this ship is rarely put to sea. In its current state many military commentators consider it more a national prestige vessel rather than a serious V/STOL amphibious warfare capable carrier. [2]


General characteristics

Displacement: 10,000 tons standard
11,485 tons loaded Length: 182.6 m (599.1 ft) Beam: 30.5 m (100.1 ft) Draught: 6.2 m (19.76 ft) Propulsion: 2 diesels, 11,200 bhp (8350 kW)
2 Bazan GE LM2500 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 44,250 hp (32,997 kW) Speed: 26.4 knots (49 km/h) Range: Est. 10,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h) Complement: 675 (maximum);
62 officers
146 aircrew
4 Royal family
450 troops (normal) Sensors and
processing systems: Raytheon AN/SPS-52C 3-D medium range air search radar, Kelvin Hughes navigation and helicopter control radar, Kelvin Hughes I-band navigation radar Armament: 3 x Mistral SAM launchers, 2 x 12.7 mm MG Aircraft carried: 174.6 m x 27.5 m flight deck with a 12° ski jump
6 AV-8S Harriers, 6 S-70B Seahawks
Wartime
• Flagship of the fleet.
• Air defense missions.
• Surface defence missions.
• Anti-submarine warfare.
• Military operation support.




The Dreadnought

Doctrine
Battleships were the embodiment of sea power. For Alfred Thayer Mahan and his followers, a strong navy was vital to the success of a nation, and control of the seas was vital for the projection of force on land and overseas. Mahan's theory dictated that the role of the battleship was to sweep the enemy from the seas.[65] While the work of escorting, blockading and raiding might be done by cruisers or smaller vessels, the presence of the battleship was a potential threat. (This came to be known as a "fleet in being".) Mahan went on to say victory could only be achieved by engagements between battleships[66] (which came to be known as the "decisive battle" doctrine in some navies), while guerre de course (developed by the Jeune Ecole) could never succeed.
Mahan was highly influential in naval and political circles throughout the age of the battleship,[3][67] calling for a large fleet of the most powerful battleships possible. Mahan's work developed in the late 1880s, and by the end of the 1890s it had a massive international impact,[3] in the end adopted by many major navies (notably the British, American, German, and Japanese). The strength of Mahanian opinion was important in the development of the battleships arms races, and equally important in the agreement of the Powers to limit battleship numbers in the interwar era.
A related concept was a "fleet in being": the idea a fleet of battleships could simply by its presence tie down superior enemy resources. This in turn was believed to be able to tip the balance of a conflict even without a decisive battle. This suggested even for inferior naval powers a battleship fleet could have important strategic impact.[68]
Tactics
While the role of battleships in both World Wars reflected Mahanian doctrine, the details of battleship deployment were more complex. Unlike the ship-of-the-line, the battleships of the late 19th and early 20th centuries had significant vulnerability to torpedoes and mines, weapons which could be used by relatively small and inexpensive craft. The Jeune Ecole school of thought of the 1870s and 1880s recommended the placing of torpedo boats alongside battleships; the boats would hide behind the battleships until gun-smoke obscured visibility enough for them to dart out and fire their torpedoes.[3] While this concept was vitiated by the development of smokeless propellant, the threat from more capable torpedo craft (later including submarines) remained. By the 1890s the Royal Navy had developed the first destroyers, small ships designed to intercept and drive off any attacking torpedo boats. During the First World War and subsequently, battleships were rarely deployed without a protective screen of destroyers.
Battleship doctrine emphasised the concentration of the battlegroup. In order for this concentrated force to be able to bring its power to bear on a reluctant opponent (or to avoid an encounter with a stronger enemy fleet), battlefleets needed some means of locating enemy ships beyond horizon range. This was provided by scouting forces; at various stages battlecruisers, cruisers, destroyers, airships, submarines and aircraft were all used. (With the development of radio, direction finding and traffic analysis would come into play, as well, so even shore stations, broadly speaking, joined the battlegroup.[69]) So for most of their history, battleships operated surrounded by squadrons of destroyers and cruisers. The North Sea campaign of the First World War illustrates how, despite this support, the threat of mine and torpedo attack, and the failure to integrate or appreciate the capabilities of new techniques,[70] seriously inhibited the operations of the Royal Navy Grand Fleet, the greatest battleship fleet of its time.
Strategic and diplomatic impact
The presence of battleships had a great psychological and diplomatic impact. Similar to possessing nuclear weapons today, the ownership of battleships served to enhance a nation's force projection.[3]
Even during the Cold War, the psychological impact of a battleship was significant. In 1946, USS Missouri was dispatched to deliver the remains of the ambassador from Turkey, and her presence in Turkish and Greek waters staved off a possible Soviet thrust into the Balkan region.[71] In September 1983, when Druze militia in Lebanon's Shouf Mountains fired upon U.S. Marine peacekeepers, the arrival of USS New Jersey stopped the firing. Gunfire from New Jersey later killed militia leaders.[72]


Value for money
Battleships were the largest and most complex, and hence the most expensive warships of their time; as a result, the value of investment in battleships has always been contested. As the French politician Etienne Lamy wrote in 1879, The construction of battleships is so costly, their effectiveness so uncertain and of such short duration, that the enterprise of creating an armored fleet seems to leave fruitless the perseverance of a people.[73] The Jeune Ecole school of thought of the 1870s and 1880s sought alternatives to the crippling expense and debatable utility of a conventional battlefleet. It proposed what would nowadays be termed a sea denial strategy, based on fast, long-ranged cruisers for commerce raiding and torpedo boat flotillas to attack enemy ships attempting to blockade French ports. The ideas of the Jeune Ecole were ahead of their time; it was not until the 20th century that efficient mines, torpedoes, submarines, and aircraft were available that allowed similar ideas to be effectively implemented.[74]
The determination of powers such as the German Empire to build battlefleets with which to confront much stronger rivals has been criticised by historians, who emphasise the futility of investment in a battlefleet which has no chance of matching its opponent in an actual battle.[3] According to this view, attempts by a weaker navy to compete head-to-head with a stronger one in battleship construction simply wasted resources which could have been better invested in attacking the enemy's points of weakness. In Germany's case, the British dependence on massive imports of food and raw materials proved to be a near-fatal weakness, once Germany had accepted the political risk of unrestricted submarine warfare against commercial shipping. Although the U-boat offensive in 1917–18 was ultimately defeated, it was successful in causing huge material loss and forcing the Allies to divert vast resources into anti-submarine warfare. This success, though not ultimately decisive, was nevertheless in sharp contrast to the inability of the German battlefleet to challenge the supremacy of Britain's far stronger fleet.



Type 051C destroyer


The Type 051C or Luzhou class destroyer is a long-range air-defense guided missile destroyer built by China in its ongoing effort to create a true blue water navy. The ship uses the hull design of the older Type 051B (Luhai class), but is equipped with the advanced Russian S-300FM air defense missiles systems. Currently, two ships of this class have been launched and deployed by People's Liberation Army Navy North Sea Fleet.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... pe051c.jpg

General characteristics

Displacement: 7,100 tons Length: 508.5 feet (155metres) Beam: 55.8 feet (17metres) Draught: 19.7 feet (6metres) Propulsion: 2 indigenous steam turbines Armament:
48 x S-300FM (SA-N-6) surface-to-air missiles (6 x 8 revolver-style VLS) possibily S-400
8 x YJ-83 (C-803) anti-ship missiles
1 x 100 mm dual purpose gun
2 x Type 730 30 mm seven-barrel Gatling gun close-in weapons systems
6 x torpedo launchers Aircraft carried: Kamov Ka-28 Helix size Helicopter Aviation facilities: No hangar

The construction of the Luzhou class destroyer at of the China’s northern Dalian Shipyard was revealed in 2004 with the help of Internet photographs. A disadvantage of the Type 051C is that it lacks the stealthier radar cross-section found on the newer Chinese warships. The ship also possesses less advanced steam turbine propulsion compared to gas turbine propulsion present in all newer chinese destroyers.
Missiles
The Luzhou class utilizes the advanced Russian S-300FM air defense missile system with track-via-missile homing guided by a single Tombstone radar. The missile has a maximum range of 150 km and an operating altitude of 10 m - 27 km.
The anti-ship abilities possessed by the Luzhou class includes 8 indigenous YJ-83 Anti-ship missiles. This anti-ship missile has a range of 150+ km and approaches its target in sea skimming mode at a speed of 1.5 Mach. As a secondary role, the missile can also be used against land targets.
Guns
The ship uses two Type 730 CIWS guns for air defense. The Type 730 is a highly effective CIWS that is also installed on the Type 052B (Guangzhou class) and Type 052C destroyers, and the new Type 054A (Jiangkai II class) frigates. The ship also has 100 mm gun based on a French design for use against surface targets.


Type 052C destroyer


The Type 052C destroyer (NATO code name Luyang II class, often referred to as Lanzhou class after the lead ship name) is a class of destroyer built by the People's Republic of China. The destroyers feature an active phased array radar system with four statically mounted antennas providing continuous 360-degree coverage and multiple missile direction capability for the vertically launched HHQ-9 long-range air defence missiles. This class represents China's first true long-range fleet air defence capability and is similar in outward appearance to the US AEGIS air defence system.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... dge-1-.jpg


General characteristics

Displacement: 7,500 tons Length: 154 m Beam: 17 m Draught: 6 m Propulsion: CODOG
57,000 shp Speed: 30 knots Complement: 280 Armament: 48 HHQ-9 long-range surface-to-air missiles
8 C-805 anti-ship / land attack cruise missiles
8 YJ-62 anti-ship / land attack cruise missiles
4 x 18-barrel MRL rocket systems
1 100mm dual purpose gun
2 30mm Type 730 close-in weapons systems
6 torpedo tubes
4 x 18-tube decoy rocket launcher Aircraft carried: 1 helicopter: Kamov Ka-27 or Harbin Z-9C ASW/SAR Aviation facilities: Stern hangar
Helicopter landing platform

he destroyer’s overall air defence, surface strike, and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities will largely depend on how well different weapon systems and sensors are integrated together by the combat system. Most Chinese warships use the command and control system derived from the French Thomson-CSF TAVITAC, but the Type 052C might have a newly developed system with improved processing power to engage anti-ship missile threats. Another reason for the increased processing capability is to accommodate the Ka-28 ASW helicopters which lack the onboard processing capability to process the information gathered, so the information has to be passed to the host ship for processing and then passed back to the helicopter via data links. Although Chinese claimed that combat data systems based on MIL-STD-1773 fiber optic databus standard have been already successfully developed by the early 2000s, it is highly unlikely this latest version is adopted for Type 052C, which is most likely still to have MIL-STD-1553B databus standard. Domestic Chinese media have claimed that the latest combat data systems based on MIL-STD-1553B standard currently in Chinese service are versatile enough to be upgraded to MIL-STD-1773 standard eventually, but this is yet to be confirmed by sources outside China.
In together with its long-range air defence missile and close-in weapon system (CIWS), the Type 052C is the first Chinese-made surface combatant with a true fleet air defence capability. The combat system will ensure that the ship can engage multiple air targets such as sea-skimming missile and aircraft simultaneously. The ship might also be able to transmit combat information to other ships and aircraft via datalink and satellite communications to form a maritime combat network.
Missiles
A total of 48 HQ-9 naval air defence missiles are carried in and launched from eight 6-cell vertical launch systems (VLS). In contrast to previous reports which suggested that the system may be based on Russian technology, the VLS on board the Type 052C appears to be an indigenous design [1]. Unlike the Russian-style revolver VLS, each missile launch cell of the Type 052C VLS has its own lid, but it does use the same cold-gas ignition method. The missile system uses the so-called ‘cold launch’, in which the missile is first ejected from the launch tube, and then ignites its rocket engine at low altitude. This launch style avoids the complex flame and gas exhausting pipes on the Western-style ‘hot launch’ VLS. In comparison to the Russian cold-launch system, the Chinese VLS eliminates the revolver design by providing a lid for every launching tube, which can independently fire the missile inside because each has a cold-gas ignition chamber directly below. The Chinese claim the result is simplified maintenance, decreased size, weight, and cost; and, due to the elimination of the revolver mechanism, the power consumption is also reduced in comparison to the Russian revolver design.
The HQ-9 is China's new generation medium- to long-range, active radar homing air defence missile with a maximum range of 125km.[1] The missile is an indigenous design while incorporating some Russian S-300 rocket technology. The naval HQ-9 appears to be identical to the land-based variant.
The destroyer also carries two 4-cell YJ-85/C-805 or YJ-62/C-602 (disputed) anti-ship missile launchers installed between rear mast and the helicopter hangar [2]. Unlike previous YJ-8X/C-80X series anti-ship missiles which are launched from box-shape launchers, the missile is launched from a new tube-shape launcher. The missiles are guided by the Band Stand radar installed on top of the bridge and a Light Bulb datalink forward of the hangar. The Band Stand targeting radar suggests some similarity with the 3M80 Moskit missiles used on the Sovremenny-class.
Guns
The Type 052C has two (one front, one rear) Type 730 close-in weapon system (CIWS) designed by 713th Research Institute for short-range air defence. Two seven-barrel 30 mm Type 730 CIWS are located both sides behind the bridge. The weapon system has a maximum rate of fire of 4,600~5,800 rounds/min.
The ship has a Type 210 100 mm naval gun developed by 713 Institute on the basis of the French Creusot-Loire T100C design. The gun can be used against surface targets and air targets such as aircraft and low speed missile, with a maximum rate of fire of 90 rounds/min. The gun can be operated in fully automatic mode from the radar control system, from the shipborne optical sighting system, or laid manually. The turret design incorporates strong radar cross-section reduction features. China has indigenously developed various guided projectiles for the 100 mm gun, such as the laser guided projectiles based on the similar projectiles developed for Chinese main battle tanks, but it is highly unlikely that these guided projectiles are in service on board the destroyer since the laser designators needed have not been observed yet. Chinese also claimed that infrared guided projectiles for the 100 mm (3.9 in) gun was also successfully developed, but trials revealed that the rate of fire would be significantly decreased because the loading system must switch between different rounds when the guided projectiles and the unguided projectiles are mixed in the same ammunition drum.
Anti-submarine systems
The ship is fitted with two triple 324 mm torpedo tubes that is capable of launching both Yu-7 and ET52 light ASW torpedoes. Additionally, the Type 726-4 decoy launching system on installed on the front deck was capable of launching ASW rockets against submarines when needed, though this function is normally not used.
ECM
For expandable decoys, the destroyer is armed with a fully digitized and solid state Type 726-4 decoy launching system that is consisted of four launchers installed on the front deck and a control console, though this is not necessary since the system can be fully automatic in combat via the combat data system. The system can also be directly linked to other subsystems on board such as sonar control consoles but it can not be confirmed if this capability is incorporated or not. The system incorporate modular design and during past exhibitions in China, for example, at least three types of displays had been shown, including CRT, LCD and plasma displays. Each launcher is consisted of 18 launching tubes arranged in three rows with six tubes in each row, and a variety of decoys and chaffs could be deployed.
As a secondary role, the system is armed with ASW rockets which could be used against enemy submarines when needed, but this function is mostly used as a defense against torpedo and frogmen. The other alternative function of the Type 726-4 decoy launching system is that the system can be used for shore bombardment.
The last mission of the system is photo / electro-optical reconnaissance. Chinese manufacturers had revealed in the past defense exhibitions a variety of electro-optical camera / sensor packages for rockets, as a cheaper alternative of gun-launched systems since the latter had to sustain much greater g-force. Chinese manufacturers claimed that such systems were to provide images in areas such as behind hills where the line-of-sight of on board electro-optical sensors were blocked. The disadvantage of such rocket launched system is that the range is much shorter than that of UAV, but Chinese manufacturers had claimed that the unit cost of UAV was much greater and could not be equipped in large numbers like rockets. Despite the Chinese manufacturers' advertisement (some even with pictures of Type 052C destroyers), there is no evidence either inside China or outside China that confirms such system is being carried on board.
The launchers themselves could be incorporate as part of larger system with automatic loading systems, but based on the released photos of the destroyer, this does not appear to be the case and the system seemed to need to be loaded manually instead. Additionally, the destroyers is armed with a variety of electronic warfare arrays and the Chinese had claimed the on board ESM subsystem (reportedly designated as NRJ6A, rumored to be developed from similar Israeli system) is capable of 100% interception rate. Additionally, ECM mission can be also carried out via UAV's when UAV's are carried.
Sensors
This class is equipped with a variety of radars, sonars and electro-optical sensors.
Radars
The ship is the first Chinese ship fitted with a multifunction active phased array radar with four antenna arrays, with a reported name Type 348 Radar. China originally imported a Ukrainian C-band active phased array radar for evaluation, but decided that the radar did not meet the Chinese requirement. Instead, China adopted a domestic S-band multifunction active phased array radar with four antenna arrays. The radar is indigenously developed by the Research Institute of Electronic Technology (also more commonly known as the 14th Institute) at Nanjing, Jiangsu province, and it is a successor to the 14th Institute's earlier indigenously developed Type H/LJG-346 SAPARS (Shipborne Active Phased Array Radar System) that was completed in 1998. Chinese discovered that the S-band adopted by the American AN/SPY-1 passive phased array could be better suited for the requirements for the active phased array radar as well. The radar has reported name of Type 348 Radar and a maximum range of 450 km, and a maximum resolution of 0.5 metres. However, under an earlier but completely different contract, Ukraine did provide cooling technologies for the antenna to China. According to many Chinese claims on the internet, the name assigned for Type 348 radar is Sea Lion, but others claim the name only applies to the export version.
The same Kavant Design Bureau of Ukraine that had provided China with cooling technologies for the radar antenna earlier also provided technical expertise in integrating the active phased array radar with ESM and the anti-stealth radar with Yagi antenna, which in turn, is a successor to the earlier Type 517H-1 (NATO codename: Knife Rest) long-range 2D air search radar. This metre-wave radar operates in the VHF band and is designated as Type 517M by the Chinese. Like the Type 348 Radar, this radar is also totally indigenous, and Chinese claim that it has better performance than the similar land-based JY-27 radar, which its accuracy is 150 meters for distance, one degree for angle, and its maximum range is 330 km. Type 517M radar, in contrast, has a maximum range of 350 km, but China has not released the details of its accuracy.
A Russian MR331 Mineral-ME (with NATO reporting name Band Stand) fire-control radar (for anti-ship missile and for the main gun as its secondary mission) was capable of over the horizon targeting, and it has been installed on other newly built PLAN ships including Type 054A frigate. The Type 344 Radar is installed to provide fire control for the main gun, and for the Type 730 CIWS as its secondary mission in case the locally mounted fire control radars for the CIWS malfunctioned or damaged in battles. Two locally mounted LR66/TR47C radars derived from Type 347 Radar provide fire control for the Type 730 CIWS, and although these radars are also capable of providing fire control for the main gun, it is not known if such capability has been incorporated via the combat data system. Type 364 Radar is installed in a radome for air and surface search, and this radar acts as a supplement of the Type 348 Radar and as a provider of target information for SAM and CIWS, while also have the anti-ship missile targeting as its secondary mission.
Electro-optical (Optronics)
The OFC (Optical Fire Control) -3 electro-optical fire control system is a modular design that is consisted of a laser range finder, a color TV camera, and an IR camera, and the laser range finder can be replaced by a laser designator (for the laser beam riding SAM), the TV camera can be replaced by a night vision camera, and the IR camera can be replaced by an ImIR, at higher cost. Development to incorporate the dual band IR, night vision camera, and the color TV camera has been successfully completed, but it is unclear if these newly developed versions will be installed on any of the ships. The OFC-3 optronics is designed by the Central China Optronic (electro-optical) Research Institute. Although the advanced versions have been successfully tested, only the most basic version have been installed on board Type 052C class, as acknowledged by the developer, and domestic Chinese media rumored the main reason was to reduce the cost. However, the adaptation of the most basic version of OFC-3 results in great decrease in the performance and effectiveness of the main gun, because without the laser designator needed, laser beam riding and semi-active laser guided projectiles can not be deployed for the Type 210 100 mm naval gun.
The OFC-3 Electro-optical system is further supplemented by the IR-17 Infrared Surveillance Device optronics, which is an infrared system only, and like OFC-3 system, it has also been installed on Luzhou class destroyer and Guangzhou class destroyer. The IR-17 system is usually installed on the forward mast just below the 3-D air search radar, and it is consisted of three parts: sensor head, operator console and electronic cabinet that contains other electronics including power supply. In comparison to OFC-3, more information is released on IR-17, including:
• Sensor head weight: < 160 kg
• Control console weight: < 390 kg
• Electrical cabinet weight: < 300 kg
• Sensor head size: 0.6 m x 0.9 m x 1.1 m
• Control console size: 0.72 m x 1.05 m x 1.65 m
• Electrical cabinet size: 0.6 m x 0.7 m x 1.65 m
• Accuracy: 3 mrad
• Range against sea-skimming anti-ship missile with 0.1 square meter radar cross section: > 8 km
• Range against cruise missile: > 20 km
• Range against aircraft with 3 square meter radar cross section: > 30 km
The JRSCCS integrated command and control system is used to direct both the OFC-3 and IR-17. In addition, the system can also be used to direct all on board weaponry and sensors, though as only an emergency backup measure for the combat data system, which JRSCCS integrated command and control system is linked to. The JRSCCS system is full automatic and only require a single operator when necessary. The operator console of the JRSCCS is designated as JRMC and is consisted of two multifunction color displays and a joy stick, and up to five JRMC consoles can be deployed when required. According to the developer, such five consoles arrangement as the emergency backup of combat data system is located separately from the main combat information center where the combat data system is located to ensure survivability, but it is not known for sure if this configuration had been adopted for Type 052C destroyer.
Like the H/ZBJ-1 combat data system on board, the JRSCCS is distributed and redundant and reflects both Russian and Western influence. From the Russian/Soviet tradition, each sensor handles as much of its own data processing as possible. While this potentially allows the design of individual system components to be simplified, the Chinese followed the Western tradition by ensuring central components can still process all information from the sensors in the event of sensor hardware malfunction. The cost of such redundancy is such that half the price of the ship is in its C4I systems. Another Western design tradition incorporated was the use of an open architecture software design.
Sonar
Like the Sovremenny class destroyers, the ASW weaponry on board Type 052C destroyer is mainly for self-defense, since it is a class of air-defense destroyer. The ship is equipped with hull mounted SJD-8/9 medium-frequency hull-mounted active / passive sonar, which is a development of French DUBV-23 sonar, and the improvements in both the hardware and the software over the original French design enabled the sonar to be used as a torpedo approaching warning system as well. When in active mode, the range of the hull mounted sonar is at least 12 km or greater, and when in passive mode, the range is at least 60 km or greater, a 20% increase to the 50-km maximum range of the hull mounted sonar on board Sovremenny class destroyers. Encrypted underwater telephone and other communication gears are installed on board to enable this class to be better coordinated with submarines in joint maneuvers.
Although both variable depth sonar such as ESS-1 medium-frequency VDS (the Chinese development of French DUBV-43 VDS) and towed array sonar were successfully tested on board, these were abandoned because incorporating these extra sonars would lead to significant redesign of the hull and increased cost. Despite the fact that the extra processing capability reserved in the combat data system for the towed sonar and VDS when needed, it is highly unlikely that the towed sonar and VDS would ever be incorporated in the near future. The high frequency obstacle / mine avoidance sonar once originally planned to equip this class failed to materialize due to the same financial concern of reducing the cost.
UAV
According to the advertisements Chinese released during various defense / aerospace / electronic exhibitions in the past, conversion kits have been developed for destroyers to deploy multiple UAVs. and the developers of both the JRSCCS and the combat data system have claimed that their products could handle the information needed to control UAVs. However, it is highly unlikely that any long range UAVs will ever be deployed on board this class because the complete handling system to support these large UAVs would need the entire hangar, thus displacing the only helicopter on board. Chinese governmental media, however, did release photos of a variety of propeller driven light UAVs being launched from destroyers and claimed that these light UAVs could be deployed on every destroyer class currently in Chinese service, and some of the pictures have depicted some UAVs carry laser targeting pods, providing guidance for laser guided projectiles. However, as of mid-2007, it still can not be confirmed that if any light UAVs has been on board Type 052C class on a regular basis. The lack of regular deployment of UAVs on board only seems to confirm the claim that the laser guided projectiles for the main gun are not deployed due to the lack of associating guidance equipment. On August 17, 2008, another type of UAV named as Hummingbird carrying electro-optical pod were deployed on board for the successful test of a new data link developed by China Northern Co. (中国北方公司). The new data link is a two-way real-time encrypted data link designed to replace the current HN-900 data link, and it is designated as NCTDL, short for Naval Common Tactical Data Link. The new data link is claimed by many Chinese to be at least equal to the Link 16, and even comparable to Link 22, but such claims have yet to be verified by both the Chinese government and sources outside China. However, it is certain that the new data link will replace HN-900 currently in service on board PLAN ships.
Aircraft
The ship’s stern hangar accommodates 1 Kamov Ka-28 (export version of the Kamov Ka-27, NATO codename: Helix) antisubmarine warfare (ASW) helicopter, or alternatively, 1 Z-9 ASW helicopter (Chinese version of the Eurocopter Dauphin AS 365N), and both type can carry various weapons including torpedoes and depth charges. The Ka-28 helicopter can operate in all weather conditions up to 200 km from the host ship, but its onboard dipping sonar only has half the range of the Chinese copy of the French dipping sonar on board Z-9, furthermore, it lacks the processing capability to process the information gathered, so the information has to be passed back to the host ship for processing via data links, while in contrast, Z-9 can process the information gathered on board the helicopter, but with shorter range.
Although the sensors and weaponry carried by both helicopters are somewhat comparable to their western counterparts, the overall capabilities as ASW platforms for these helicopters are seriously hampered due to the installation of their radars: unlike the western belly-mounted radars with 360-degree coverage, the radars for Ka-28 and Z-9 are chin-mounted and nose-mounted respectively, thus creating huge blind spots. In order to overcome these blind spots, Ka-28 and Z-9 must fly in very complicated flight patterns, resulting in significant fuel consumption, thus decreasing the endurance and range in comparison to western ASW helicopters.
Propulsion
The ship’s propulsion is in the form of CODOG, consisting of two Ukraine-made DA80/DN80 gas turbines rated at 48,600 hp and two Shaanxi diesel engines (Chinese copy of the MTU 20V956TB92) rated at 8,840 hp (6.5 MW). The DA80/DN80 gas turbine is the export version of UGT-25000 of Ukrainian Zorya-Mashprocket State State Enterprise Gas Turbine Research & Production Complex, purchased by China in the late 1990s as part of license-production in China. [3] The UGT25000 has power rating of 25-27 kW depending on configuration. [4] A total of eight units were originally purchased and Chinese sources have claimed that all had been updated, mainly in the area of turbine blade production techniques, and such update had greatly increased reliability and maintainability. The main parameters of DA80/DN80 included:
• length: 6.4 meter
• Widith: 2.5 meter
• Height: 2.7 meter
• Weight: 16 tons
• Efficiency: 36.5%
• Exhaust gas flow: 90 kg / second
• Exhaust temperature: 465ºС

Specifications
• Unit cost - Up to 800 million US$ per ship, including 200 million for CIWS, SAM, & VLS, and 400 million for C4I systems.[citation needed]
• Ships - DDG 170 Lanzhou and DDG 171 Haikou as of 2006
• Propulsion - 2 Ukraine DN80 gas-turbines and 2 MTU Friedrichshafen 12V 1163TB83 diesels
• Length - 153 m
• Beam - 16.5 m
• Draft - 6 m
• Displacement - 7,000 t (full load)
• Speed - 30 knots (56 km/h)
• Crew - 250 (40 officers)
• Combat Data System - H/ZBJ-1 Information processing system designed by the 704th Institute (Reported speed: > 100 Mbit/s)
• Data link: HN-900 (Chinese equivalent of Link 11A/B). To be replaced by NCTDL
• Communication: SNTI-240 SATCOM
• Armament
o 8 YJ-62 Anti-ship Missile in 2 x quad cells
o 48 vertically launched HHQ-9 SAM
o 1 x 100 mm gun
o 2 x 30 mm Type 730 CIWS
o 4 x Type 726-4, 18 barrel decoy Multiple rocket launcher
o 2 x Triple 324 mm ASW torpedo tubes
o Aviation: 1 Kamov Ka-28 ASW helicopter
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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ZINO
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

any missing link let me know thanks
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

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Ah, the wet navies!
Besides AUL fodder, small navies are ripe for mutinies, and going pirate, especially after the Rain of Death... :D
-------------
"Trouble rather the Tiger in his Lair,
Than the Sage among his Books,
For all the Empires and Kingdoms,
The Armies and Works that you hold Dear,
Are to him but the Playthings of the Moment,
To be turned over with the Flick of a Finger,
And the Turning of a Page"

--------Rudyard Kipling
------------
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

taalismn wrote:Ah, the wet navies!
Besides AUL fodder, small navies are ripe for mutinies, and going pirate, especially after the Rain of Death... :D



NOW i love that idea!!!! NICE!!!!!!!
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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Re: post any Anti-Unification League military vehicles

Unread post by ZINO »

A.U.L
Most copied vehicles for AAA use and hated by Canada and other countries (this has made many UEG personal facing air to ground or air to air operations even veritech pilots!!!!).The following have been used from the pacific to soviets states to Africa down to South America, central America to even north and south poles!!!!!


Air Defense Anti-Tank System


The Air Defense Anti-Tank System (ADATS) is a dual-purpose short range surface-to-air and anti-tank missile system based on the M113A2 vehicle. It is manufactured by the Swiss company Oerlikon-Contraves, a member of the Rheinmetall Defence Group of Germany.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... ats_01.jpg

he ADATS came about as the result of an extensive competition during which it was selected by the U.S. Army for the Forward Area Air-Defense (FAAD)[1] program under the designation MIM-146 for the missile, but ultimately the FAAD contract was cancelled in the early 1990s after the end of the Cold War. It is currently in service with the Canadian Army and in Thailand (Shelter version). The ADATS missile is a laser-guided supersonic missile with a range of 10 kilometres, with an electro-optical sensor with TV and Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR). The carrying vehicle has also a conventional two-dimensional radar with an effective range of over 25 kilometres.
n September 2005, the Canadian Government and the Canadian Forces announced a modernization program, transforming the ADATS and associated command, control and communications systems into a Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV). Not only will the MMEV retain and enhance ADATS capability (85% or better engagement success rate) to meet new threats, but it will be mounted on a LAV III wheeled armoured vehicle. This will be fitted with a 3D radar, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) missile (using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to gather required intelligence and target location at a range of 8 km or more) and low-cost precision kill (LCPK) missile (fireable on direct shot at an 8 km+ range), based on a 2.75-inch rocket and advanced Battle Management Command and Control Communication Computer and Information (BMC41), including Link 11/16, to provide the third dimension to the ISTAR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance) infrastructure of the Army. The flexible ground-based multi-mission system will be providing military commanders with a homeland defence and expeditionary air, land, and maritime forces capability for ground-based air defence/airspace coordination and long-range direct fire/NLOS support for ground engagement to defend against asymmetric and conventional threats.

Canadian Forces Land Staff recommended in July 2006 for the Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle Project to be canceled( but didn’t ), along with the Mobile Gun System. The latter recommendation was followed upon by the new Minister of National Defence at the time Gordon O'Connor.( note this was change for gaming purposed)

The Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV) will feature a wide array of weapons for different engagements. Its direct fire with low cost rockets will be able to take down direct targets at an 8+ km range with an astonishing damage effect as it will fire multiple rockets on targets. The promotional videos of the MMEV show it firing eight rockets at a single target without missing once. Note that the dub target was not moving, but the attack left only small debris of the armor leaving no chance for any enemy vehicle encountered.
Its second ground-fire function features a guided missile, again with an 8+ km range that is guided onto the target. This can be used to engage long-range targets such as light artillery but doing heavy damage. The non-line-of-sight capability allows the ADATS crew to use UAVs to spot targets under cover and fire its laser-guided missile over any obstacle.
The MMEV also features the regular ADATS air defence system which can fire at a 10 km range to engage helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft.
It is believed that two C6 machine guns will be mounted on the MMEV, for self-defence.


Missile
• Length: 2.05 m
• Diameter: 125 mm
• Launch weight: approx. 51 kg
• Speed: Mach 3+
• Range: 10 km or 10 kilometers = 6.21371192 mile
• Ceiling: 7,000 m
• Warhead: 12.5 kg high explosive (HE) fragmentation/shaped charge, impact and proximity fuze.
• Penetration: 900 mm rolled homogeneous armour (RHA)
• Guidance: Digitally coded laser beam-riding.
• Specifications Weight 15.8 tonnes Length 4.86 m Width 2.69 m Crew 3 (commander, driver, system operator)
• ________________________________________
• Armor 12–38 mm aluminium Primary
armament 8 ADATS missiles Secondary
armament - Engine 6-cylinder two-stroke diesel General Motors/Detroit Diesel 6V53
212 hp (158 kW) Power/weight 13 hp/tonne Suspension torsion-bar Operational
range 400 km Speed 58 km/h

The Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV) is a dual-purpose short range surface-to-air and anti-tank platform intended for the Canadian Forces. It is based on Air Defense Anti-Tank System (ADATS) technology, and integrated onto a 8×8 wheeled LAV III. The full production of the MMEV fleet is expected to begin in 2010.


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late September 2005, the MND announced a $750M project for 30 to 40 new MMEVs. Prime contractor for the first, $100M phase of the project was to be Oerlikon Contraves Canada. The Canadian Forces worked with Defence R&D Canada and Canadian industry through the Technology Demonstration Program to develop fire control systems and ergonomics that will feed directly into the development of the MMEV. Oerlikon Contraves Canada was selected for the MMEV project since it owns the intellectual property rights to the ADATS technology, the cornerstone of the new MMEV system.
The MMEV are built for self defence against low/medium altitude fixed wing aircraft and helicopter (20+ km) and ground unit (8+ km).
Equipment
The MMEV will upgrade with the latest technology, such the Oerlikon Contraves search-and-acquisition X-Tar 3D radar. A resistance to electronic and electro-optical system built by Oerlikon / rheinmetall,[clarification needed] SHORAD and VSHORAD guided missile systems and radar-controlled automatic cannon with high rates of fire, air defence units deployed to protect installations from medium- and low-altitude with the new Rheinmetall Skyshield. The system has to be able to engage small, fast-flying projectiles with a degree of lethality.


Specifications Weight 16.95 t Length 6.98 m Width 2.7 m Height 2.8 m Crew 4

Armor . Primary
armament Air Defense Anti-Tank SystemCRV7IRIS-T

Secondary armament SAGEM SperwerProtector M151

7.62 mm machine gun
X-Tar 3D radar
Skyshield 35mm
Suspension
Hydropneumatic
Operational
range 450 km (280 mi) Speed 100 km/h (62 mph)

Another A.U.L copied and was hated by desriods pilots and ground supooert unit was the following vechlies cheaper to make and MDC ccapable unit .which caught Many UEG personal off guard and cost many lives as well eqiument
B1 Centauro

the Centauro is a wheeled tank destroyer designed for light to medium territorial defense and tactical reconnaissance. It was developed by a consortium of manufacturers, the Società Consortile Iveco Fiat - Oto Melara (CIO). Iveco Fiat was tasked with developing the hull and propulsion systems while Oto Melara was responsible for developing the turrets and weapon systems.

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Specifications Length 7.85 m Width 2.94 m Height 2.73 m Crew 4 (commander, gunner, loader and driver)
________________________________________
Armor Welded steel armoured hull Primary
armament Oto Melara 105 mm 52 cal. gun Secondary
armament 2 x 7.62 mm MG (coaxial, AA mount) Engine Iveco turbo-charged V6 diesel
512 hp (382.2 kW) Power/weight 19.35 hp/tonne Suspension Wheel 8 x 8 Operational
range 800 km Speed 110 km/h

Armament
The main armament consists of the Oto Melara 105 mm / 52 caliber gyro-stabilized high-pressure, low-recoil gun equipped with a thermal sleeve and an integrated fume extractor, with 14 ready rounds in the turret and another 26 rounds in the hull. The gun can fire standard NATO ammunition, including APFSDS (Armour Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot) rounds.
Secondary weapons are a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun, and another 7.62 mm anti-aircraft machine gun with 4,000 rounds of ammunition.
Aiming is provided by Galileo Avionica TURMS fire control system (the same fitted to the Italian Ariete tank) and is equipped with a muzzle referencing system and a fully digital ballistic computer. The gunner sight is fully stabilized and comes equipped with a thermal imager and laser rangefinder. The commander's station is equipped with a panoramic stabilized sight, an image intensifying night sight and a monitor displaying the image from the gunner's thermal sight. This allows Centauro to engage targets while stationary or on the move against stationary or moving targets day or night


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• entauro 120 mm
A Centauro with a low recoil 120/45 cannon, in newly designed turret and with new composite up-armour that can resist to 40mm APFSDS rounds on the front. This version could in the future replace the Leopard 1A5 in the Italian army.


B1 Centauro


the Centauro is a wheeled tank destroyer designed for light to medium territorial defense and tactical reconnaissance. It was developed by a consortium of manufacturers, the Società Consortile Iveco Fiat - Oto Melara (CIO). Iveco Fiat was tasked with developing the hull and propulsion systems while Oto Melara was responsible for developing the turrets and weapon systems.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... uro01.JPEG

Specifications Length 7.85 m Width 2.94 m Height 2.73 m Crew 4 (commander, gunner, loader and driver)
________________________________________
Armor Welded steel armoured hull Primary
armament Oto Melara 105 mm 52 cal. gun Secondary
armament 2 x 7.62 mm MG (coaxial, AA mount) Engine Iveco turbo-charged V6 diesel
512 hp (382.2 kW) Power/weight 19.35 hp/tonne Suspension Wheel 8 x 8 Operational
range 800 km Speed 110 km/h

Armament
The main armament consists of the Oto Melara 105 mm / 52 caliber gyro-stabilized high-pressure, low-recoil gun equipped with a thermal sleeve and an integrated fume extractor, with 14 ready rounds in the turret and another 26 rounds in the hull. The gun can fire standard NATO ammunition, including APFSDS (Armour Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot) rounds.
Secondary weapons are a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun, and another 7.62 mm anti-aircraft machine gun with 4,000 rounds of ammunition.
Aiming is provided by Galileo Avionica TURMS fire control system (the same fitted to the Italian Ariete tank) and is equipped with a muzzle referencing system and a fully digital ballistic computer. The gunner sight is fully stabilized and comes equipped with a thermal imager and laser rangefinder. The commander's station is equipped with a panoramic stabilized sight, an image intensifying night sight and a monitor displaying the image from the gunner's thermal sight. This allows Centauro to engage targets while stationary or on the move against stationary or moving targets day or night



http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... k_Iraq.jpg

• entauro 120 mm
A Centauro with a low recoil 120/45 cannon, in newly designed turret and with new composite up-armour that can resist to 40mm APFSDS rounds on the front. This version could in the future replace the Leopard 1A5 in the Italian army.


VIU-55 Munja (en: Lightning) is a combat engineering vehicle produced by Serbia. VTI has done the conceptual design of the Munja general-purpose engineer vehicle and the Čacak (Chatsak)- based Overhaul Depot has built the vehicle. The main idea was converting the T-55 tank, using its main structure and subsystems and adding new components, equipment and devices to create a vehicle for entirely different purposes. Good terrain negotiating ability and ballistic protection of T-55 tank were retained, while engineer equipment and armament were refitted. It is the first armoured vehicle for the engineer corps outfitted with special purpose engineer equipment and respectable armament, belonging to the most modern designs of this kind. It is designed to negotiate natural and man-made obstacles, blocking, fortifying and repair of roads and for safe transport of engineer teams and equipment in combat conditions. VTI designers have thoughtfully arranged accommodation for 8 members of the crew (2 permanent members – driver and deputy commander, also gunner of the 30 mm automatic grenade launcher and 7.62 mm machine gun, and a 6-member troop – commander and section of five pioneers). Space is also provided for sets of engineer equipment, for mounting of commander’s and gunner’s cupola and associated equipment.
Space needed to accommodate personnel and sets of special equipment was obtained by removing tank turret, cutting away section of hull roof plate and by refitting of superstructure consisting of armour plates and sheet metal that provides adequate ballistic protection of on-board crew and equipment. Armour plates are up to 25 mm thick and mounted so as to provide ballistic protection from 12.7 mm (.5in) bullets. Horizontal roof plate of superstructure is made of several sections to provide necessary hatches. Openings are provided for fitting of commander’s and gunner’s cupolas, two access and evacuation hatches for engineer section, holes for radio set antenna, rotating periscope, driver’s cover, refueling port and two lookout ports (for observation and for firing personal weapons). To perform engineering tasks, a tankgrade blade it fitted at the front, equipped with electric motor, pump and hydraulics. Blade assembly is an autonomous unit that can be quickly and easily attached to the hull. Vehicle firepower consists of one 30 mm automatic grenade launcher and one machine gun (M84, .3in/7.62 mm calibre). Vehicle concept permits fitting of weapons group station consisting of a 30 mm gun, 7.62 mm machine gun, antitank wire guided rockets and 30 mm automatic grenade launcher with appropriate optoelectronic fire control system. To protect the crew from nuclear and chemical agents a modified nuclear-chemical protection unit is built-in, consisting of anti radiation fan. This is automatically activated in case of nuclear shock wave. Protection from shaped charges consists of very effective skirts.
For masking protection, Munja was designed for protection in all ranges of electromagnetic spectrum (visual, close IR, radar and thermal parts of the spectrum). For masking and jamming of guided projectiles, the vehicle is equipped with smoke canisters' launcher and control panel identical to those mounted on M-84 tanks. Smoke charge launchers are mounted in front section of tracks covering plates. Munja integrates all equipment needed for specific engineering combat missions (crossing of artificial obstacles, making of barriers, road making and fortifying). Owing to modern positioning system, Munja can be tracked on virtual map while newly developed software enables the use of advanced computer technologies in the execution of engineering works.
In parallel with development of Munja, engineer units were supplied with combat sets of specialist pioneer equipment which also ranks among the best in that category. To prevent fuel explosions and resulting fires in the event of penetration of ballistic protection, a fuel explosion and fire prevention system has been fitted. It is autonomous, provided with UV and IR sensors with detection and activation time measured as thousands of a second. Mobility of Munja engineer vehicle is a the level of T-55 tank but it could be further improved by retrofit of higher power engine and modern transmission, in particular of the MPG-780 modular power pack featuring the engine developing 580 kW (780 HP). Power pack is replaceable in field conditions. General purpose engineer vehicle Munja can be well used in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions. The existing model represents the base for development of a family of tracked armoured combat vehicles; in particular of armoured personnel carrier possessing considerably higher level of all-round ballistic protection compared to current conventional APC-s and IFV-s.


http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... _Munja.jpg



Specifications Weight 32 tonnes Length 6.20 m Width 3.27 m Height 2.05 m Crew 2 + 6 passengers
________________________________________
Armor T-55 armour Primary
armament 3×7.62mm Zastava M84 machine gun, 30mm M-93 grenade launcher Engine diesel
427 kW Suspension torsion bar Operational
range 545 km Speed 50 km/h

Combat engineering vehicles


G6 howitzer



The G6 self-propelled howitzer is a South African artillery piece, developed around the ordnance of the G5 howitzer. It is one of the most powerful self-propelled guns on a wheeled chassis.
In addition to the logistical mobility afforded by a wheeled chassis, the G6 is protected against counter battery fire and is able to defend itself in an unsecured area.
The chassis is mine-protected. The G6 is produced by the LIW division of DENEL Corporation in South Africa. It entered production in 1987.


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• aximum range:
• 30,000 m with standard HE rounds,
• 39,000 m with HE base bleed rounds, and
• 42,000 m with HE base bleed rounds (BB—fired from G6-52)
• 50,000 m with HE base bleed rounds (BB—fired from G6-52 Extended Range)
• 52,500 m with a special velocity-enhanced Long Range Projectile (V-LAP—fired from G6).
• 58,000 m with a special velocity-enhanced Long Range Projectile (V-LAP—fired from G6-52).
• 67,450 m M9703A1 V-LAP round (tested successfully to 73,000 m by Denel in G6-52 Extended Range platform)
• Minimum range: 3,000 m.
• Rate of fire: 4 round/min, 2 round/min sustained.
• Ammunition: 155 mm ERFB. 47 rounds, 50 charges, 64 primers and fuzes.
• Accuracy: 0.1 % of range in azimuth, 0.48 % of range in range.

Specifications Weight 47,000 kg (47 t) Length 10.4 m Width 3.4 m Height 3.5 m Crew 6
3–5 (G6-52 Extended Range)
________________________________________
Caliber 155 mm Rate of fire 8 round/min (G6-52)
6 round/min (G6 M1A3)
4 round/min
2 round/min sustained Effective range 30 km (standard HE)
39 km (base bleed rounds)
52.5 km (V-LAP rounds)
67 km M9703A1 V-LAP round Maximum range ~70 km
________________________________________
Primary
armament 155 mm howitzer (47 rounds) Engine air-cooled diesel
525 hp Suspension 6×6 Speed 85 km/h (road)
30 km/h (off-road

K30 Biho


K30, called "Biho system," (meaning "Flying Tiger.") is a self-propelled 30 mm AA twin-gun system which has high kill probability against penetrating low-altitude airborne targets. Land Systems of Daewoo Heavy Industries has produced this twin 30 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft gun system to provide short range air defense capability against low altitude aircraft and hovering helicopters and short range self-propelled anti-aircraft missile system to provide enhanced air defence capability to ground forces. In line with the worldwide AA gun systems' demands and technical trends, it has been developed as a unique Korean model equipped with the most advanced high precision Fire Control System so as to cope with the heavily increasing air threats around the Korean peninsula. It is an effective system comparable to any other advanced AA gun system around the world.
K-30 project started in 1983 in spite of economical difficulties and technical shortages. More than 600 researching men-year and tens of billions of won have been invested through the whole project period and it was recorded as one of the most brilliant achievements in Korean military R&D history. K-30 project is the first indigenous advanced weapon system that has been designed together with the ILS elements by the Korean researchers and engineers.
Live firing test results in the test site show that this system has a superior performance to other foreign AA gun systems of similar class with lower cost. This is due to a high percentage of domestically developed parts, and there is a high prospect of exports in the world military market. With the delivery of this system to Korean military units, their engagement capability of low altitude airborne threats will be remarkably improved specifically in the defense of crucial facilities such as airfields and mechanized armored forces.


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most will end being used against invid and post invid occupation.
let your YES be YES and your NO be NO but plz no maybe
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