Guns and Damage (math discussion)

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slade the sniper
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Guns and Damage (math discussion)

Unread post by slade the sniper »

Putting this here to see if it generates any discussion...

Muzzle Energy of the projectile x bullet diameter (in decimal inches) = A = cube root of A x 4.5 = maximum damage for that specific bullet and caliber

This means that faster bullets do more damage, AND bigger bullets do more damage so that velocity alone nor caliber alone can determine the damage potential.

This is purely for the math minded and does not take target nor bullet type into consideration, yet.

-STS
My skin is not a sin - Carlos Wallace
A man's rights rest in three boxes. The ballot box, jury box and the cartridge box - Frederick Douglass
I am a firm believer that men with guns can solve any problem - Inscriptus
Any system in which the most populated areas have the most political power, creates an incentive for areas that want power to increase their population - Killer Cyborg
Hesse09
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Re: Guns and Damage (math discussion)

Unread post by Hesse09 »

His magic enabled him to use stealth and guile to elude their hunters. Instead of using his heavy robots, he had kept them in reserve the whole time, burying them under mounds of vines and moss and shutting down their power armor when not in use.
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PapaMambo
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Re: Guns and Damage (math discussion)

Unread post by PapaMambo »

slade the sniper wrote:Putting this here to see if it generates any discussion...

Muzzle Energy of the projectile x bullet diameter (in decimal inches) = A = cube root of A x 4.5 = maximum damage for that specific bullet and caliber

This means that faster bullets do more damage, AND bigger bullets do more damage so that velocity alone nor caliber alone can determine the damage potential.

This is purely for the math minded and does not take target nor bullet type into consideration, yet.

-STS



I understand this all too well. I joined the Canadian Military back when I was 17 (30ish years ago).

We were just going through the process of switching over from the old FN C1's - a 7.62mm beast that packed some pretty serious punch to the smaller, much lighter C7 a 5.56mm analogous to the M-16A2.

Old timers b!+ched non stop about the smaller caliber not having the stopping power of the venerable C1. And they were sort of right. The C1 could reach out and touch someone at greater distances and penetrate body armor much more easily.

However, the C7 was lighter (and I mean WAY lighter) so you could carry more ammo. It fired faster, so it threw a wall of lead down range, and while it didn't have the reach and penetration of the C1, it did MASSIVE damage to soft targets because it had a faster velocity AND it tumbled when it hit a target. The fact that it looked like a pinhole entering a target and a dinner plate sized exit wound made up for the PV of the C1.

Being a medic, I've seen pics and video of the massive trauma a relatively small caliber bullet can cause because of that tumbling and velocity.

Then you move up to something like the Barrett .50BMG and all this is a moot point. Velocity combined with mass just destroys targets and at ranges that are crazy.
"It isn't the bullet with his name on it that the professional soldier has to fear. It's all those addressed 'To Whom it May Concern'" - Anonymous
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slade the sniper
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Re: Guns and Damage (math discussion)

Unread post by slade the sniper »

So, to resurrect this thread from the swamps of doom... The caliber, bullet weight and type are given. the "Damage" is the maximum damage at the muzzle. I have most of these figured out to 200m for the rifles, but still need more research to nail them down. Anyway, I feel these are far more "realistic" than the abysmal trash in D20, or the over-hyped GURPS. The closest numbers in an actual RPG are those in Palladium games (shockingly).

Of course bullet type and construction are massively important as well since some types of rounds are trash for penetrating any sort of cover or armor, but hitting unarmored targets at close range they cause enormous damage.
Spoiler:
.17 Rem. (25 SpHP) Damage = 12
.204 Ruger (32 BTSP) Damage = 16
.218 Bee (46 HP) Damage = 13
.219 Zipper (55 SP) Damage = 18
.22 Hornet (45 Sp) Damage = 13
.221 Fireball (50 SpBT) Damage = 15
.22 PPC (52 HPBT) Damage = 17
.222 Rem. (50 Sp) Damage = 16
.223 Rem. (45 SpHP) Damage = 17
.223 Rem. (55 Sp) Damage = 17
.223 Rem. (64 Sp) Damage = 17
5.6x50 Mag. (50 SP) Damage = 18
5.6x50R Mag. (55 SP) Damage = 17
.225 Win. (55 Sp) Damage = 19
.22-250 Rem. (55 Sp) Damage = 19
.22-250 Rem. (60 Sp) Damage = 19
.224 Wby. Mag. (55 Sp) Damage = 19
.220 Swift (55 SpBT) Damage = 20
.223 WSSM (55 SpBT) Damage = 20
5.6x57 RWS (60 Sp) Damage = 20
6mm BR Rem. (100 Sp) Damage = 19
6mm PPC (68 SpHP) Damage = 19
6mm Lee Navy (112 RN) Damage = 20
.243 Win. (80 Sp) Damage = 22
.243 Win. (95 SST) Damage = 22
.243 Win. (100 Sp) Damage = 22
6mm Rem. (80 Sp) Damage = 23
6mm Rem. (100 Sp) Damage = 23
.243 WSSM (55 SpBT) Damage = 22
.243 WSSM (100 Sp) Damage = 23
.240 Apex (100 Sp) Damage = 21
6x62 Freres (100 SP) Damage = 24
.240 Wby. Mag. (100 Sp) Damage = 25
.244 H&H Mag. (100 Sp) Damage = 26
.25-20 (86 FP) Damage = 10
.256 Win. Mag. (60 FP) Damage = 16
.25 Rem. (100 RN) Damage = 18
.25-35 (117 FP) Damage = 18
.250 Savage (100 Sp) Damage = 21
.257 Roberts (100 BT) Damage = 23
.257 Roberts (117 SST) Damage = 24
.257 Roberts (120 Sp) Damage = 23
.257 Rob. Imp. (117 BTSP) Damage = 24
.25 WSSM (120 Sp) Damage = 23
.25 WSSM (120 Sp) Damage = 25
.25-06 Rem. (100 Sp) Damage = 24
.25-06 Rem. (120 Sp) Damage = 25
.257 Wby. Mag. (87 SP) Damage = 26
.257 Wby. Mag. (100 SP) Damage = 27
.257 Wby. Mag. (120 Sp) Damage = 27
6.5mm Grendel (120 BT) Damage = 24
6.5x50 Jap. (156 Sp) Damage = 20
6.5x52 Carcano (156 Sp) Damage = 23
6.5x54 M-S (140 SP) Damage = 22
6.5x55 SE (129 SP) Damage = 24
6.5x55 SE (140 SP) Damage = 25
.256 Newton (129 Sp) Damage = 24
.260 Rem. (120 Sp) Damage = 24
.260 Rem. (140 Sp) Damage = 25
6.5x57 (140 SP) Damage = 24
6.5-284 (140 Sp) Damage = 27
6.5mm-06 (140 Sp) Damage = 27
6.5mm Rem. Mag. (120 Sp) Damage = 27
6.5mm Rem. Mag. (129 SP) Damage = 27
6.5x65 RWS (129 BTSP) Damage = 28
6.5x65R RWS (100 SP) Damage = 26
6.5x68 S (140 Sp) Damage = 27
.264 Win. Mag. (140 Sp) Damage = 27
6.8mm Rem. SPC (115 Sp) Damage = 22
6.8mm Rem. SPC (120 BT) Damage = 23
.270 Win. (130 Sp) Damage = 27
.270 Win. (140 Sp) Damage = 29
.270 Win. (150 Sp) Damage = 27
.270 WSM (130 SpBT) Damage = 29
.270 WSM (150 Sp) Damage = 30
.270 Wby. Mag. (130 Sp) Damage = 30
.270 Wby. Mag. (150 Sp) Damage = 31
7x33 Sako (78 RN) Damage = 17
7-30 Waters (120 FP) Damage = 23
7x57 Mauser (140 Sp) Damage = 25
7x57 Mauser (150 Sp) Damage = 26
7mm-08 Rem. (120 SpHP) Damage = 26
7mm-08 Rem. (140 Sp) Damage = 27
7x64 Brenneke (154 Sp) Damage = 28
7x65R (170 Sp) Damage = 27
.280 Ross (140 SP) Damage = 27
.284 Win. (150 Sp) Damage = 28
.280 Rem. (140 Sp) Damage = 28
.280 Rem. (160 Sp) Damage = 29
7mm Rem. SAUM (150 Sp) Damage = 30
7mm WSM (150 Sp) Damage = 31
.275 H&H Mag. (160 Sp) Damage = 27
.275 H&H Mag. (160 Sp) Damage = 31
7x61 S&H Mag. (154 SP) Damage = 30
7mm Rem. Mag. (150 SpBT) Damage = 30
7mm Rem. Mag. (175 Sp) Damage = 30
7mm Wby. Mag. (150 SpBT) Damage = 32
7mm Wby. Mag. (160 Sp) Damage = 32
7mm Dakota (160 SpHP) Damage = 32
7mm STW (160 SpBT) Damage = 32
7mm Ultra Mag (160 Sp) Damage = 32
7.5x54 MAS (150 SP) Damage = 25
7.5x55 Swiss (180 Sp) Damage = 29
.30 Carbine (110 RN) Damage = 17
.30 Rem. (170 RN) Damage = 23
.30-30 Win. (150 FP) Damage = 24
.30-30 Win. (160 EVO) Damage = 25
.30-30 Win. (170 FP) Damage = 24
.300 Sav. (150 Sp) Damage = 27
.300 Sav. (180 Sp) Damage = 26
.307 Win. (180 FP) Damage = 27
.308 Marlin (160 EVO) Damage = 28
.30-40 Krag (180 Sp) Damage = 27
.308 Win. (150 Sp) Damage = 29
.308 Win. (165 BTSP) Damage = 29
.308 Win. (180 Sp) Damage = 29
.30-06 Spfd. (150 Sp) Damage = 29
.30-06 Spfd. (165 PSP) Damage = 30
.30-06 Spfd. (180 Sp) Damage = 30
.30R Blaser (180 SP) Damage = 31
.300 Rem. SAUM (150 Sp) Damage = 32
.300 Rem. SAUM (180 Sp) Damage = 33
.300 WSM (150 Sp) Damage = 33
.300 WSM (180 Sp) Damage = 33
.308 Norma Mag. (180 Sp) Damage = 33
.300 Win. Mag. (150 Sp) Damage = 33
.300 Win. Mag. (180 Sp) Damage = 33
.300 H&H. Mag. (180 Sp) Damage = 32
.300 Wby. Mag. (180 Sp) Damage = 36
.300 Dakota (200 SpHP) Damage = 35
.300 Ultra Mag (180 Sp) Damage = 36
.30-378 Wby. (200 Sp) Damage = 37
7.62x39 (125 Sp) Damage = 22
.303 Savage (190 RN) Damage = 23
7.65x53 (180 Sp) Damage = 29
7.62x54R (150 SP) Damage = 28
.303 British (150 SP) Damage = 29
.303 British (180 Sp) Damage = 27
7.7x58 Jap. (180 Sp) Damage = 28
.310 Cadet (120 RN) Damage = 11
.318 W-R (180 RN) Damage = 31
.32-20 (100 FP) Damage = 10
.32 Rem. (170 RN) Damage = 23
.32 Spec. (170 FP) Damage = 25
8x56 M-S (170 RN) Damage = 25
8x57 JS (150 SP) Damage = 29
8mm-06 (150 SP) Damage = 30
.325 WSM (200 Sp) Damage = 34
8x68 S (150 SP) Damage = 34
8x68 S (200 Sp) Damage = 35
8x68 S (220 SP) Damage = 35
8mm Rem. Mag. (200 Sp) Damage = 35
.33 Win. (200 FP) Damage = 27
.338x57 O'Connor (200 FP) Damage = 29
.338 Federal (180 BT) Damage = 33
.338 Federal (200 Sp) Damage = 29
.338 Federal (210 NP) Damage = 33
.338-06 (200 Sp) Damage = 34
.338 Win. Mag. (200 Sp) Damage = 36
.338 Win. Mag. (225 Sp) Damage = 36
.338 Win. Mag. (250 Sp) Damage = 36
.330 Dakota (250 SpHP) Damage = 40
.340 Wby. Mag. (250 Sp) Damage = 40
.338 Ultra Mag (250 Sp) Damage = 39
.338 Lapua (250 SP) Damage = 38
.338-378 Wby. (250 Sp) Damage = 42
.348 Win. (200 FP) Damage = 31
.351 WSL (180 RN) Damage = 22
.380 ACP (90 JHP) Damage = 9
.380 ACP (95 FMJ) Damage = 8
.380 ACP (45 RBCD TFSP) Damage = 11
.380 ACP (100 +P HC FN) Damage = 10
.380 ACP (85 Norma MHP) Damage = 10
.380 ACP (90 JHP) Damage = 9
.380 ACP (90 JHP) Damage = 9
.380 ACP (90 JHP) Damage = Hydrashok 8
.380 ACP (85 JHP) Damage = Silvertip 8
.380 ACP (88 JHP Speer) Damage = 8
.380 ACP (90 XTP) Damage = 8
.380 ACP (95 FMJ) Damage = 8
.380 ACP (90 Solid Copper) Damage = 9
9mm (115 FMJ) Damage = 11
9mm (124 FMJ) Damage = 11
9mm (124 JHP) Damage = 11
.38 Special (158 SP) Damage = 11
.38 Special +P (158 Lead SWC HP) Damage = 13
.357 Mag. (158 FP) Damage = 20
.357 Mag. (180 HP) Damage = 19
.35 Rem. (200 RN) Damage = 26
.35 Win. (250 RN) Damage = 31
.356 Win. (200 FP) Damage = 31
.358 Win. (200 Sp) Damage = 31
.35 Whelen (200 Sp) Damage = 34
.35 Whelen (225 NP) Damage = 34
.35 Whelen (250 NP) Damage = 35
.350 Rem. Mag. (200 PSP) Damage = 35
.350 Rem. Mag. (225 NP) Damage = 35
.350 Rem. Mag. (250 SP) Damage = 35
.358 Norma Mag. (250 Sp) Damage = 38
.35 Newton (250 SSp) Damage = 42
.358 STA (275 RN) Damage = 42
9.3x53R (256 RN) Damage = 33
9.3x57 (286 Sp) Damage = 32
9.3x62 (286 SpBT) Damage = 36
9.3x64 (286 RN) Damage = 41
9.3x74R (286 Sp) Damage = 36
.375 Win. (200 FP) Damage = 28
.375 H&H Mag. (270 Sp) Damage = 40
.375 H&H Mag. (300 Sp) Damage = 40
.375 Dakota (300 SpHP) Damage = 41
.375 Wby. Mag. (300 Sp) Damage = 44
.375 Ultra Mag (300 Sp) Damage = 44
.376 Steyr (270 SP) Damage = 39
.378 Wby. Mag. (270 SP) Damage = 48
.40 S&W (165 FMJ) Damage = 14
.40 S&W (115 Glaser) Damage = 14
.40 S&W (155 HST) Damage = 14
.40 S&W (135 Underwood JHP) Damage = 15
.40 S&W (200 FMJ FP) Damage = 14
.38-40 Win. (180 FP) Damage = 15
.38-55 Win. (255 FP) Damage = 19
.450-400 3" (400 RN) Damage = 41
.400 H&H Mag. (400 RN) Damage = 45
.401 WSL (200 FP) Damage = 29
.404 Jeffery (400 RN) Damage = 42
.405 Win. (300 FP) Damage = 36
.416 Taylor (400 RN) Damage = 45
.416 Rem. Mag. (400 Sp) Damage = 46
.416 Rigby (400 RN) Damage = 46
.416 Dakota (400 SpHP) Damage = 47
.416 Wby. Mag. (400 RN) Damage = 52
.44-40 Win. (200 FP) Damage = 16
.44 Rem. Mag. (240 FP) Damage = 27
.44 Rem. Mag. (275 HP) Damage = 26
.444 Marlin (240 FP) Damage = 36
.444 Marlin (265 FP) Damage = 37
.44 Rimfire (Henry Rifle) Damage = 16
.45 ACP (230 FMJ) Damage = 13
.45 ACP (165 Hydra Shok) Damage = 14
.45 ACP (230 FMJ) Damage = 15
.45 ACP (185 JHP+P) Damage = 16
.45 ACP (90 TFSP, RBCD) Damage = 19
.450 Bushmaster (550 FTX) Damage = 35
.450 Marlin (350 FP) Damage = 40
.45-70 (300 HP) Damage = 32
.45-70 (405 FP) Damage = 27
.45-90 Win. (350 FP) Damage = 29
.450 NE (465 RN) Damage = 48
.458 Win. Mag. (500 RN) Damage = 47
.458 Lott (500 RN) Damage = 52
.450 Dakota (500 RN) Damage = 55
.460 Wby. Mag. (500 RN) Damage = 59
.465 H&H Mag. (480 RN) Damage = 53
.470 NE (500 RN) Damage = 49
.50-90 Sharps (473 FP) Damage = 31
.500 NE (570 RN) Damage = 55
.50 BMG (750 SpBT) Damage = 80
.577 NE (750 RN) Damage = 64
.600 NE (900 RN) Damage = 69
.700 NE (1000 RN) Damage = 75
.410 bore; Damage = 16
20 gauge; Damage = 34
16 gauge; Damage = 36
12 gauge (2 3/4") Damage = 45
12 gauge (3") Damage = 48
10 gauge; Damage = 46

I also used the same formula for hand to hand combat as well but halved the damage since the implement and target are the same material (human flesh) thus reducing overall penetration.
arm = 5.335% of total mass 45 mph max punch Fist size 3.5 inches diameter
leg = 17.555% of total mass 69.75 mph max kick Foot size 4 inches diameter

Which gives me the following values for the attacker:
Punch Kick
100 pounds 5.335 pounds 17.555 pounds
150 pounds 8.00 pounds 26.33 pounds
200 pounds 10.67 pounds 35.11 pounds

So, for a 250 pound human punching at 45 mph, the damage is 8 (or 1d8)
A 250 pound human kicking at 70 mph (using the Frank Dux record) the damage is 23 (or 4d6 for ease of dice)

For larger guns, missiles, etc. I take the published data for armor penetration and doubled the mm of penetration to equal the damage. So a weapon with 200mm of penetration in armor would do 400 damage (1d4x100). This keeps the weapons well within the published stuff of Palladium.

Here is a list of missiles I have dug up.
Spoiler:
Weapon Damage (SDC)
TM-72 =180
TMK-2 =500
PTM-3S =140
AT-II =300
MIACAH =140
TM-73 =720
DM-12 =1200
TMD-1 =140
SATM =140
Type 84 =220
PT-Mi-D 1M =260
Type 93 =140
MI AC DISP F1 =160
AT-II =220
PYRKAL =140
FADJR 6 =220
MINAT =140
VS-SATM-1 =160
MN-111 =140
MN-121 =140
NB-123 =120
KRIZNA =260
ATM-6 =160
ATM-7 =160
SMI-22/7C =160
PD Mi-PK =100
PT Mi-PK =100
ATM-L-84 =100
KM 73 =40
KM 81 =120
MI AC AH F1 =140
NR 29 =140
LZR KASIA 100 =140
LZR KASIA 170 =238
TM-83 =200
FFV 016 =120
L 14 A1 =140
PG-7 =520
PG-7M =600
PG-7N =800
PG-7S =800
PG-7L =1200
PG-7VR =1500
RPG-16 =600
RPG-18 =600
RPG-22 =800
RPG-26 =880
Armbrust =700
LAW-80 =1400
AT-4 =1000
Type 98 =1300
Type 70-1 =480
RPG-25 =650
RPG 28 =1800
RPG-29 =1500
AT-2C (3K11 Falanga) =1000
AT-3 (9K11 Malyutka) =950
Malutka-2 =1600
Malutka-P =1100
AT-4 (9K111 Fagot) =920
AT-5 (9k113M Konkurs) =1600
AT-6 (9K114M2 Shturm) =1400
AT-6 (9K114M2 Shturm) =1200
AT-7 (9K115 Metis) =920
AT-8 (9K112 Kobra) =1600
AT-9 Ataka =1200
AT-10 (9K116 Bastion) =1150
AT-11 (9K120 Svir/Refleks) =1600
AT-12 (9K118 Sheksna) =1150
AT-13 (9K131 Metis) =1200
Metis-M =2000
AT-X-14 Kornet =2400
AT-X-16 9M120 Vikhr =2000
AGONA =1800
ATM-1 =1000
ATM-2 JMUT Improved =1600
ATM-2 JMUT =1300
ATM-3 CHUMAT =1500
ATM-4 SHIN JMUT =2300
AUTONOMIYA =2000
BASNYA =1200
BANYA-M =1300
BASTION =1200
BILL =1100
DRAGON =900
ERYX =1850
FAGOT =900
FAGOT + =1100
FALANGA P =1300
GREEN ARROW =1200
HELLFIRE I =2500
HELLFIRE II AGM-114K =2500
HELLFIRE INTERIM =2500
TOW =860
TOW 2 =1874
TOW 2A =1874
TOW 2B =300
TOW Bunker Buster =400
HOT =1500
HOT 2 =1800
HOT 3 =2400
INVAR =1700
JAVELIN =1750
KASTET =1200
KHRIZANTEMA =2400
KUEN WU =1000
MAPATS =1600
MILAN =1200
MILAN 2 =1550
MILAN 3 =1800
NIMROD =1800
RBS-17 =50
RED ARROW =1350
SHEKS NA =1200
SHMEL =760
SKORPIAN =1300
SS-11 =1100
SWINGFIRE =1400
ZT-3 =1300
ZT-35 =1800
STRIX =250
Merlin =822
Zarnitsa =500
PL-TGMB =500
Aquila =1400
Guided artillery munition =1600
EURO-TGSM =700
Beta-M =1000
MMB-120 =650
SMAT =1100
SF-TGSM =500
CH-TGSM =640
AHCP =1300
AHCP =40
Obsnovania-1 =1400
Alfred_M =1400
MCS-152A =1000
BAT-P31 =1300
AMS-R =700
RKG-3EM =440
RKG-3 =300
M-72 LAW =600


Here are some kinetic penetrators (and some HEAT rounds I didn't take out yet...)
Spoiler:
Real World Penetration, Kinetic, Damage is in SDC
Israeli/Chinese (new) 125mm 640mm at 2km (damage = 1280)
Israeli/Chinese Type-IIM (new) 125mm 600mm at 2km (damage = 1200)
Pakistani Niaza 125mm DU 550mm at 2km (damage = 1100)
Chinese Type-II 125mm 550mm at 2km (damage = 1100)
Israeli M711 (Romanian CL3254) 125mm tungsten 560mm at 2km (damage = 1020)
Chinese/Pak (old) 125mm tungsten 460-480mm at 2km (damage = 960)
Ukraine 125mm Vitiaz round 760mm at 2km (damage = 1520)
Russian 125mm BM-42M "Lekalo"? tungsten 600-650mm at 2km (damage = 1300)
Russian 125mm BM-46 "Svinets" DU 650mm at 2km (damage = 1300)
Russian 125mm BM-42 "Mango" tungsten alloy 500mm at 2km (damage = 100)
Russian 125mm BM-32 "Vant" DU 560mm at 2km (damage = 1120)
Russian 125mm BM-29 DU 470mm at 2km (damage = 940)
Russian 125mm BM-26 "Hope" (1983) tungsten alloy 450mm at 2km (damage = 900)
Russian 125mm BM-22 "HairPin" (1976) tungsten 430mm at 2km (damage = 860)
Russian 125mm BM-17 (1972) steel 330mm at 2km (damage = 660)
Russian 125mm BM-15/Yugo M88 tungsten carbide slug (1972) 340mm at 2km (damage = 680)
Russian 125mm BM-12 tungsten carbide slug (1968) 315mm at 2km (damage = 630)
Russian 125mm BM-9 steel (1962) 290mm at 2km (damage = 580)
Russian 125mm BK-12 HEAT (1962) 420mm at all ranges (damage = 840)
Russian 125mm BK-18 HEAT (1980) 550mm at all ranges (damage = 1100)
Russian 125mm BK-29 HEAT (1990) 700mm at all ranges (1400 = 1400)
Indian T-2 125mm tungsten 500mm at 2km (damage = 1000)
Iranian 125mm tungsten 470mm at 3km (damage = 940)
Polish Pronit 125mm tungsten 540mm at 2km (damage = 1180) (2001)
1990s Polish 125mm tungsten round 460mm at 2km (damage = 920)
Czech Synthesia 125mm APFSDS-T round 500mm at 2km (damage = 1000)
Slovak TAPNA 125mm APFSDS-T round 530mm at 2km (damage = 1060)
Soviet 122mm BR471B APCBC 162mm at 1km (damage = 324) (129mm at 2km (damage = 258)) (1945)
Soviet 122mm BR-472 APCBC fired from JS-III 191mm at 1km (damage = 382) (165mm at 2km (damage = 330))
Soviet 122mm BR-472 APCBC fired from T-10M 247mm at 1km (damage = 496) (210mm at 2km (damage = 420))
Soviet 122mm BM11 APDS fired from T-10M 354mm at 1km (damage = 708), 308mm at 2km (damage = 616) (1967)
German 120mm DM-13 390mm at 2km (damage = 780) (1979)
German 120mm DM-23 470mm at 2km (damage = 940) (1983)
German 120mm DM-33/Japanese JM-33 550mm at 2km (damage = 1100) (1987)
German 120mm DM-43A1/US KEW A1 590mm at 2km (damage = 1180) (1994)
German 120mm DM-53 tungsten 700mm at 2km (damage = 1400) (1996)
German 120mm/L55 DM-53 760mm at 2km (damage = 1520) (2001)
German 120mm DM-63/Israeli M-338 tungsten 680mm at 2km (damage = 1360) (2006)
German 120mm/L55 DM-63 tungsten 720mm at 2km (damage = 1440) (2006)
S.Korean K276 120mm tungsten 700mm at 1km (damage = 1400) (2004)
French 120mm OFL120F1 tungsten 590mm at 2km (damage = 1180) (1994)
French 120mm OFL120F2 DU 647mm at 2km (damage = 1294) (1997)
US M103 120mm APC 221mm at 1000yards (damage = 442); 199mm at 2000yards at 30 degrees (damage = 398)
UK Conqueror 120mm AP 255mm at 1000 yards (damage = 510); 226mm at 2000 yards (1.8km (damage = 452))
UK L-15 120mm APDS round 355mm at 1km (damage = 710)/340mm at 2km (damage = 680) (1965)
UK L-23 120mm tungsten APFSDS round 450mm at 2km (damage = 900) (Apr 1983)
UK Charm-1 L-26 120mm DU APFSDS round 530mm at 2km (damage = 1060) (1991)
UK Charm-3 L-27 APFSDS 120mm DU 720mm at 2km (damage = 1440) (1999)
UK L-28 120mm APFSDS 770mm at 2km (damage = 1540) (200X)
US M829A3 120mm DU 765mm at 2km (damage = 1530) (2003) (Russian estimate 795mm)
US M829A2 120mm DU 730mm at 2km (damage = 1460) (1994)
US M829A1 120mm DU 610mm at 2km (damage = 1220) (1991) (Russian estimate 700mm)
US M829 120mm DU 552mm at 2km (damage = 1104) (1987)
US M827 120mm tungsten 450mm at 2km (damage = 900) (never fielded by US)
US Olin GD120 120mm tungsten 520mm at 2km (damage = 1140)
US/Egyptian KEW-A2 120mm tungsten 660mm at 2km (damage = 1320)
South Korean 120mm APFSDS 670mm at 2km (damage = 1340)
Indian 120mm tungsten 650mm at 2km (damage = 1300)
Chinese 120mm tungsten 550mm at 2km (damage = 1100)
Russian 115mm BM-28 DU APFSDS 384mm at 2km (damage = 768) (early 1980s)
Russian 115mm BM-21 DU APFSDS 330mm at 2km (damage = 660) (mid-late 1970s)
Soviet 115mm BM-6 steel APFSDS 280mm at 1km (damage = 560), 246mm at 2km (damage = ) (1962)
Soviet 115mm BM-3 tungsten carbide APFSDS 270mm at 2km (damage = 540) (for original T-64)
UK/Egyptian 115mm BD/36-2 APFSDS 460mm at 2km (damage = 920)
Chinese Type-86 105mm DU 460mm(from "short" 105)/480mm(from "long" 105) at 2km (damage = 920 “short”/960 “long” )
Chinese Type-93 105mm DU 510mm("short")/540mm("long") at 2km (damage = 1020 “short”/1080 “long’)
Chinese Type-95 105mm DU 580mm at 2km (damage = 1160) (from "long" Type-83A 105mm)
UK T-2 HP 105mm tungsten round 560mm at 2km (damage = 1120)
UK 105mm L-28 tungsten cap APDS 120mm at 60 degrees at 900m, 250mm at 1km (damage = 500) (mid-1950s)
US/UK 105mm L-36A1/M392 tungsten cap APDS 260mm at 1km (damage = 520) (1961)
UK 105mm L-52A3 tungsten core APDS 320mm at muzzle (damage = 640), 280mm at 1km (damage = 560), 254mm at 1500m (damage = 508), 240mm at 2km (damage = 480) (1973)
UK 105mm L-64A4 tungsten APFSDS 310mm at 2km (damage = 620) (1982)
UK/Pakistani 105mm H6/62 APFSDS 360mm at 2km (damage = 720) (1990s)
Pakistani 105mm DU APFSDS 450mm at 2km (damage = 900)
Indian 105mm APFSDS 350mm at 2km (damage = 700)
French OFL105F2 105mm DU 520mm at 2km (damage = 1040) (mid 90s)
French OFL105G1 105mm APFSDS 350mm at 2km (damage = 700) (1981)
French OFL105G2 105mm tungsten 440mm at 2km (damage = 880) (late 1980s)
French OFL105F1 105mm tungsten 250mm at 2km (damage = 500) (1981/2)
French 105mm HEAT (AMX30) 160mm at 60 degrees (damage = 320)
Canadian C127 105mm tungsten 460mm at 2km (damage = 920) (1992)
US M-392A2 105mm APDS 260mm at 1km (damage = 520), 250mm at 1.5km (damage = 500), 225mm at 2km (damage = 450) (early 1970s) (Rushed into service after M392 problems in 1973 Arab-Israeli war)
US M-728 (UK L-52) 105mm APDS 320mm at muzzle (damage = 640), 280mm at 1km (damage = 560), 240mm at 2km (damage = 480) (mid 1970s)
US M-735 105mm tungsten APFSDS 330mm at 1km (damage = 660), 300mm at 2km (damage = 600) (1978)
US M-735A1 105mm DU 370mm at 1km (damage = 740), 350mm at 2km (damage = 700) (never deployed)
US M-774 105mm DU 375mm at 2km (damage = 750) (1981)
US FP105/Can C76 105mm tungsten 330mm at 2km (damage = 660) (export only)
US M-833 105mm DU 440mm at 2km (damage = 880) (1984)
US M-900 105mm DU 520mm at 2km (damage = 1040) (1991)
Taiwanese TC84 105mm APFSDS 450mm at 2km (damage = 900)
Mecar 105mm tungsten APFSDS 390mm at 2km (damage = 780)
German DM-23/Israeli M111 105mm tungsten 310mm at 2km (damage = 620) or 150mm at 60 degrees (damage = 300) (1978)
German DM-23A1 105mm tungsten 330mm at 2km (damage = 660) (1980s)
German DM-33/Israeli M413 105mm tungsten 380mm at 2km (damage = 760) (1984)
German DM-63/Israeli M426 105mm tungsten 450mm at 2km (damage = 900) (early 1990s)
US M456 105mm HEAT 350mm (damage = 700)
Soviet BM-25 100mm APFSDS 296mm at 2km (damage = 602) (late 1970s) [320mm at 1km (damage = 640)]
Soviet BM-8 100mm APDS 238mm at 2km (damage = 476) (1968) [257mm at 1km (damage = 514)]
Soviet 100mm HVAPDS 200mm at 1km (damage = 400) (HEAT 300mm) [damage = 600]
Soviet BR-412D 100mm APCBC 198mm at 1000m [damage = 396] (165mm at 2000m; damage = 330) (post-war)
Soviet BR-412B 100mm APBC-T 160mm at 1000m [damage = 320](134mm at 2000m; damage = 268) (1945)
Soviet 100mm BK-354M HEAT 280mm [damage = 560](WWII)
Soviet 100mm BK-5M HEAT 390mm [damage = 780](1960)
Yugoslav M65 100mm APCBC 158mm at 1km (damage = 306); 136mm at 2km (damage = 316) (1954)
Yugoslav M98 100mm APFSDS 150mm at 60 degrees at 2km (damage = 300)
Pakistani/Chinese AP-100-2 100mm APFSDS 350mm at 2km (damage = 700) (1986)
Chinese AP-1 100mm APFSDS 240mm at 2km (damage = 480) (1980)
Chinese AP-2 100mm APFSDS 290mm at 2km (damage = 580) (early 1980s)
Romanian BM-412M (M309) 100mm APFSDS 418mm at 2km (damage = 836) (1990s)
Mecar M-1000 100mm APFSDS 350mm at 2km (damage = 700) (1996)
US M341 90mm HEAT 300mm [damage = 600](mid 1950s)
US 90mm T119 (T41) APBC 152mm at 914m [damage = 304] at 30 degrees from vertical
US 90mm T119 (T41) APDS 236mm at 914m [damage = 472] at 30 degrees from vertical
US 90mm T119 (T41) HVAP 223mm at 914m [damage = 446] at 30 degrees from vertical
US 90mm M3A1 (M46 Patton) APBC 119mm at 1000 yards (913m) [damage = 138] at 30 degrees from vertical
US 90mm M3A1 (M46 Patton) HVAP 157mm at 914m at 30 degrees from vertical (damage = 314)
Mecar M-652 90mm APFSDS 180mm at 1km (damage = 360) (150mm at 2km (damage = 300))
French OFL-90 F1 90mm APFSDS 230mm at 1km (damage = 460) (200mm at 2km (damage = 400)) (early 1980s)
South Korean M-241 90mm APFSDS 230mm at 2km (damage = 460) (1984)
UK 20pdr APDS 280mm at 1000 yards (913m) (damage = 560) [260mm at 1500 yards] (damage = 520)
Soviet 85mm BR367 APHE 163mm at 1km (damage = 326)
Soviet 85mm BR365PK HVAP 180mm at 1km (damage = 360); 150mm at 1500m
Soviet 85mm BR365K APBC 128mm at 1km (damage = 256) (1944)
US M93 76mm HVAP 175mm at 1000m (damage = 350), 160mm at 1500m (1945)
US T91 76mm (M41) APC 122mm at 914m (damage = 244) at 30 degrees from vertical
US T91 76mm (M41) HVAP 208mm at 914m (damage = 416) at 30 degrees from the vertical
Soviet 76.2mm HVAP 61mm at 1km (damage = 121) (HEAT 120mm)
US 76mm M464 APFSDS 230mm at 2km (damage = 460)
US 76mm M1A2 (M4 Sherman) APCBC 89mm at 914m (damage 178) at 30 degrees from vertical (WWII)
US 75mm M6 (M24 Chaffee) APCBC 77mm at 914m (damage = 154) at 30 degrees from vertical (WWII)
Fr 75mm POT-51A (Isr M50) 110mm at 1km (damage = 220)
Soviet 57mm BR-271P HVAP 145mm at 500m (damage = 290)
Bofors 40mm APFSDS 131mm at 1km (damage = 262)
35mm APDS 90mm at 1km (damage = 180)
Oerlikon 30mm APFSDS 97mm at 1km (damage = 194)
30mm L14A3 tungsten APDS 63mm at 1km (damage = 126)
2A42 30mm AP-I 44mm at 1km (damage = 88)
2A42 30mm APDS 62mm at 1km (damage = 124)
New 2A42/2A72 30mm APFSDS 79mm at 1km (damage = 158)
25mm APFSDS DU 75mm at 1km (damage = 150)
Oerlikon 25mm tungsten APFSDS 77mm at 2km (damage = 154)
25mm APFSDS 56mm at 1km (damage = 112)
25mm M919 DU APFSDS 30mm+ at 60 degrees at 2km (damage = 60)
25mm M791 APDS 33mm at 60 degrees at 1km (damage = 66); 28mm at 60 degrees at 2km (damage = 56)
20mm APDS DM-63 44mm at 1km (damage = 88) (1988)
20mm APDS DM-43 40mm at 1km (damage = 80) (1982)
20mm HVAP for Rh-202 gun 34mm at 1km (damage = 68)
12.7mm API 19mm at 500m (damage = 38)

I left the year of service entry on there to show the continued advancement of the tech... from roughly 350 damage at a thousand meters at the close of WWII, to roughly 1500 damage at 2 km in the early 2000's.

Now, on to armor. Palladium has the PV system and so I am using that to model damage all the way up to MDC.

The Armor Rating stops DOUBLE the PV. The SP is how much damage is needed to penetrate it in the first place. Note that AR 20 is MDC and at that point only weapons that do 100 points of damage can damage the object.
AR Always Stops PV SP
AR 1 PV 0 5 SP
AR 2 PV 1 10 SP
AR 3 PV 1 15 SP
AR 4 PV 2 20 SP
AR 5 PV 2 25 SP
AR 6 PV 3 30 SP
AR 7 PV 3 35 SP
AR 8 PV 4 40 SP
AR 9 PV 4 45 SP
AR 10 PV 5 50 SP
AR 11 PV 5 55 SP
AR 12 PV 6 60 SP
AR 13 PV 6 65 SP
AR 14 Stops .50 cal (with a PV of 7) 70 SP
AR 15 PV 7 75 SP
AR 16 PV 8 80 SP
AR 17 PV 8 85 SP
AR 18 PV 9 90 SP
AR 19 PV 9 95 SP
AR 20 PV 10 only MDC weapons penetrate 100 SP

DU rounds doubles damage and increases PV by 50% (PV 7 to 10)
AP rounds PV+2

Increasing tech helps damage and armor.
Going up to Robotech level technology the damage increases by ~x50 and armor increases by ~x10.
Rifts level tech increases damage by ~x100 and the armor tech increases by ~x20 over modern standards.

These figures were arrived at by looking through Rifters, the Contemporary Weapons book, the Golden Age Weaponsmiths upgrades and the older Robotech books.

Oh, yeah you can get non-explosive reactive armor (NERA) to reduce explosive damage (HEAT) by 1/2. You can also get explosive reactive armor (ERA) that also reduces explosive damage (HEAT) by 1/2 again. This also works on the majority of missiles listed in the Palladium missile charts. In Robotech and Rifts you can get laser resistant armor to resist lasers and cut that damage by 1/2 as well.

I am debating whether to say DU armor would cut kinetic penetrator damage in half and doubling the weight, or if it would be better simulated by just adding more armor to the vehicle (more SDC/MDC)? The DU armor might just be oriented in a particular direction so that only certain directions are protected with it.

Finally, active protection systems (APS) that basically intercept the incoming projectile before it hits your tank. I would say just give it a % to intercept incoming weapons. Figure 60% to 80% to intercept missiles, 40% to 50% to intercept cannons. If you have a high tech setting, you can probably get some form of aerosol or chaff to dissipate or degrade energy weapons and those can be 20% to 30% due to the speeds involved.

So, yeah, that is my big chart of damage from punches to anti-tank missiles and kinetic penetrators. I hope it is of some use to you.

edit: To make use of the Palladium damage charts (from 1-10 from the old Contemporary Weapons books and still found in some of the games focused on modern settings) you can basically say that damage ratings 1-10 are all SDC damage and that once you get into damage rating 11, that is when you finally do over 100 points of damage per round and is thus 1 MDC.

-STS
My skin is not a sin - Carlos Wallace
A man's rights rest in three boxes. The ballot box, jury box and the cartridge box - Frederick Douglass
I am a firm believer that men with guns can solve any problem - Inscriptus
Any system in which the most populated areas have the most political power, creates an incentive for areas that want power to increase their population - Killer Cyborg
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